目平湖洲滩钉螺分布与水位及植被变化的关系.pdfVIP

实用预防医学 2008年6月 第15卷 第3期 Practical Preventive Medicine,Jun．2008，Vol 15，NO．3 641 文章编号：1006—3110(2008)03—0641—04 【论 著】 目平湖洲滩钉螺分布与水位及植被变化的关系 姚孝明 ，周应彩 ，赵正元 一，刘宗传 ，伍卫平 ，肖俊文 ，余秋兰 ，杨宇林 摘要： 目的 探讨目平湖水位和洲滩植被变化对钉螺分布的影响。 方法 收集目平湖三峡建坝前后两个时段 气象水位资料及螺情资料，从2003—2007年，纵向开展春秋螺情调查，比较三峡建坝前后环境变化并分析对钉螺分布的 影响。 结果 目平湖区三峡建坝后比建坝前枯水位升高1 m，洪水位降低0．5 rrl，枯洪水位落差缩减了1．5 rrl，年均水 位升高0．9 m；年均气温升高0．8℃，平均降雨量增加466 mm。春秋两季活螺密度及感染螺密度建坝前后无明显变化，但 有年间差异。草洲植树后，活螺密度逐年减少，第2年后未发现感染性钉螺。 结论 三峡工程对目平湖洲滩钉螺分布 影响不大，但湖洲钉螺分布与水位及植被变化有明显关系，草洲植树可改造疫源地，降低疫情。 关键词： 目平湖；水位；洲滩；钉螺 中图分类号：R383．2 4 文献标识码：A Relationship Between Snail Distribution and Changes of Water Level and Vegetation in Muping．Lake YAO Xiao一 ruing， ZHOU Yin—cai，ZHAO Zheng—yuan，et a1．(Changde Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention，Changde 415000，Hunan) Abstract： Objective To explore the impact on snail distribution in marshland areas after the alteration of water llevelI and vegetation in Muping Lake areas． Methods Two periods of meteOrOIOgicaI and hydrological as well as snail data be— fore and after the establishment of Three Gorges Super Dam were collected in Muping Lake areas．From 2003 to 2007，snails surveillance in Spring andl Autumn was Iongitudina．I conducted for 5 successive years in Mu ping lLake areas．Environmental changes before and after the establishment of Three Gorges Super Dam were compared，and its impacts on snails distribution were analyzed． Results Compared with that prior to the establishment of Three Gorges Super Dam，water level in dry season in Muping Lake areas was elevated for 1 meter，reduced 0．5m inI flood seasonI，andl reduced 1．5m between dry and flood seasons．Moreover，year mean water level raised 0．9m and year mean temperature increased 0．8℃ respectively．with