作物抗逆性的基因工程研究进展.doc

 目录 摘要 1 关键词 1 Abstract 1 Key words 1 一、国内外植物抗逆性研究进展 1 1.1、多胺与植物抗逆性关系研究进展 2 1.2、海藻糖在提高植物抗逆性方面的研究进展 2 1.3、多效唑提高植物抗逆性的研究进展 3 二、各种抗逆机制及其基因工程进展 3 2.1、耐重金属机制及相关基因工程进展 3 2.2、抗旱机制及相关基因工程进展 3 2.3、抗冻机制及相关基因工程进展 3 2.4、抗氧化机制及相关基因工程进展 4 三、分离和鉴定的抗逆基因作用机理 4 3.1、mtID基因和gutD 基因 4 3.2、ImtI基因 4 3.3、otsBA 基因和TPS 基因 4 四、转录因子与植物抗逆性研究进展 4 4.1、MYB/MYC转录因子 4 4.2、ERF类转录因子 5 4.3、bZIP类转录因子 5 五、展望 5 致谢 6 参考文献 7  作物抗逆性的基因工程研究进展，，作物抗逆性的基因工程Advances in genetic engineering for Crops resistance Abstract Plants as an important part of the ecosystem, All the time in itself and carry out a physical environment, information and exchange. Plants in stress and plant damage caused in this reaction is an important way to the plant environment and understanding of the relationship, but also for controlling the growth of human conditions offers the possibility of the plant. In recent years, due to the development of DNA technology, researchers from the molecular level of plant resistance genes has been some progress made??. In this paper, subject to different environmental stress on plants: progress (such as heavy metals, damage, oxidation, etc.) and the circumstances of the molecular mechanisms of plant resistance gene engineering studies were reviewed. And some of the theory and the results of several studies in the field of physiology confrontational introduced abroad, noting that allelopathy phenomenon can also be studied as an aspect of physiological stress resistance, resistance to the prospect of genetically engineered crops were prospected, in order to provide some information for further research and applications. Key words Plants energy resistance Genetic Engineering 自然生态系统中与植物相关的因子多种多样，且处于动态变化之中，植物对每自然界中的一个因子都有一定的耐受限度，即阈值。一旦环境因子的变化超越了这一阈值，就形成了逆境。因此，在植物的生长过程中，， 2.1、耐重金属机制及相关基因工程进展 植物对重金属的耐性机理有: 1、排斥机制, 即阻碍重金属的吸收或其在植物体内的运输。吸收后又排出体外。2、区域化机制。即使重金属在植物的液泡、叶片表皮毛、细胞壁等特定部位积累。从而与细胞中的其他组分隔离。达到解毒的效果。3、络合机制。即植物体内物质与重金属的络合作用。大分子金属螯合蛋白的螯合能力最强。它又可分为金属硫蛋白与植物螯合肽。前者是对多种重金属都具有螯合作用。由MTs基因直接编码合成。在特定条件下如重金属离子胁迫或