完形5 议论文类完形填空解题指导与训练3P.docVIP

议论文类完形填空解题指导与训练 资料来源：《广东教育·高中》2008年第12期 佛山市南海区石门中学狮山校区　谢期繁 一、文章特点 议论文是一种通过“剖析事物，论述事理，提出主张，发表见解”的文体。议论文的三要素是论点（作者的观点，也就是被证明的对象）、论据（用来证明论点的依据，是说明论点的理由和材料）和论证（运用论据证明论点的过程与方法）。 高考议论型短文分为两种，一种是夹叙夹议型短文；另一种是纯议论型短文。第一种的基本模式是：叙述事件，提出感悟，作出结论。第二种的基本模式是：提出问题→分析问题→解决问题。纯议论型短文有以下特点： (1)鲜明的观点。一开始就旗帜鲜明挑明主题thesis)，一般来说每一段的第一句一般都是top sentence然后再逐步展开。合理论证提出相关的理由来有力地支持自己的观点。这些理由旨在回答一个基本问题，即：Why do you think so?提倡引用统计数字和来作证推理的条理性和逻辑性较多地使用这类性质的过渡词和连接词。 有时只需从空格所在的句子的上文或下文考虑；有时需要从空格所在句子的前后2-3句考虑；还有的可能要从整个段落或整篇文章给予考虑，才可选出正确选项。上下文提供的信息对应关系以及词语的重复使用，对解答完形填空也非常有用。 对于文中生词的处理，有的可以通过句法分析判断词性，根据上下文猜测其大意；对不影响文章理解和解题的生词可以跳过不管。 技巧三：根据词语辨析，挑选答案。 理解句子含义，判断句义关系，从词汇的意义、用法和搭配考虑，把握整体意思，寻找答题线索。 三、实例分析 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21—30各题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Why is it that we tend to value relationships more once they’ve ended? Is it simply human nature to __ 21 __ the smile of someone close, the friendship of a relative, and the concern of a neighbor? At the moment, we think that these people will be __ 22 __ forever. Most of us never stop to imagine all those who have a deep impact on our lives. Its so easy to justify this __ 23 __ attitude by saying we are too busy, too tired, too involved with work, too concerned about money, and the list of __ 24 __ goes on and on. So __ 25 __ a friendship may be put off for one day, and then another. Before long, feelings have __ 26 __, and there is less encouraging to get together. Usually, something __ 27 __ must happen to change this indifference and stop one leading a routine existence. Perhaps its something shocking, like a death, a divorce, sudden illness, an accident -- something stunning to force taking notice. Then comes the guilt, the __ 28 __ of feelings, the sadness of loss. We __ 29 __ to have those precious moments once again, to share and express our feelings. Instead of waiting for an excuse, why not take the action, and spend quality time with the people you __ 30 __. Let them know how really important they are. 21. A. take into consideration B. t