高分子近代史.pptVIP

郑 强 教 授;Development of Polymer Science高分子科学的形成与发展;What is polymer;Macromolecule;价 键 bond;Earlier;高分子和我们的关系;Modern;历史人物; H .Staudinger (German，1881～1965); In 1910,he recognised that the current theories for the structure of natural rubber were incorrect. The controversies surrounding naturally occurring large molecules and experimental difficulties in studying them led him to look at materials based on simpler molecules such as styrene. ; He met Wallace Carothers at a conference in Cambridge in 1935, following which he included polyesters in his studies of the properties of dilute polymer solutions - from which he discovered the relationship between viscosity and molecular weight. ;1920 On Polymer 《论聚合》;;K .Ziegler (German，1989～1973); His earlier work involved the clarification of rubber synthesis reactions, cyclic carbon compounds used in perfumes and lithium in organic reactions. ; Zieglers most important discovery was made in 1953 from his work on organo-aluminium compounds. With E. Holzkamp, a student, he found that substances made by mixing organo-metallic compounds with certain heavy metals permitted rapid polymerisation of ethylene at atmospheric pressure. This significant contribution established that very high molecular weight polyethylene could be produced with linear chain structure and give valuable production, property and application potential. ; The catalyst was derived from triethyl aluminium and titanium tetrachloride. Although many other catalyst systems and polymerisation methods were devised, this work formed the basis of later developments in the production of long chain polymers from olefins such as propylene and butadiene. ;α烯烃的催化二聚作用,合成高级α烯烃 乙烯经烷基铝催化合成高级伯醇 由烯烃合成萜醇 由烷基铝经电化学或其他方法合成其他金属的烷基化合物 利用氢化烷基铝和三烷基铝做有机物官能团的还原剂 以三烷基铝与四氯化钛为催化剂(称为ziegler-natta催化剂 )使乙烯在常温常压下聚合成线型聚乙烯 ,这项研究为高分子化学和配位催化作用开辟了广阔的研究领域。 ;G .Natta (Italian，1903～1979); Prof. Natta began his career with a study of solids by means of X-rays and electron