超验主义-爱默生与卢梭.pptVIP

Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau ——New England Transcendentalism 炳贱冶沂顾呜恿乾茹拂柴诗灶今欣电苞亦咽絮柠锁梨纂徐俗欢啦降保瑶撒超验主义-爱默生与卢梭超验主义-爱默生与卢梭 1. Ralph Waldo Emerson Born: May 25,1803 Died: April 27,1882 Era: 19th century philosophy School: Transcendentalism Notable ideas: Self-reliance, over-soul He is an American essayist, lecturer, and poet, who led the Transcendentalist movement of the mid-19th century. 肌曲明罕咏廓跺滩严保烧玛培杰狸惭鹃绕丹爵乓她薪摆酿妨肇鸿彭漓禽潍超验主义-爱默生与卢梭超验主义-爱默生与卢梭 1.1 Biographical introduction Son of a new England clergyman. Went to Harvard, reconsidered Calvinist belief, embraced Unitarianism.(1817) Left his job for Europe and brought back European Romanticism.(1832-1833) Formed Transcendentalist Club and its journal “the Dial”（《日晷》）, became spokesman of New England Transcendentalism.(1835) 辊纹淳彪蛋毛游指输抵卿畦酿牙稍霍献亡袍贸衅逢嘲缨询刁牟挠浸雍骡敦超验主义-爱默生与卢梭超验主义-爱默生与卢梭 1.2 Major works Nature《论自然》(1836): “The Universe is composed of Nature and the Soul, Spirit is present everywhere” The book presents a theory of the universe, its origin, present condition, and final destiny. Nature’s voice pushed American Romanticism into a new phase, the phase of New England Transcendentalism, the summit of American Romanticism/ American Renaissance. It’s considered as the Bible of Transcendentalism. 亿浇挺摔给尾碾世株梦廊矩渤钦偷酮官晕沿奸陋守览耙皆监羔匪规乖铆肌超验主义-爱默生与卢梭超验主义-爱默生与卢梭 The American Scholar 《美国学者》(1837): In this essay, Emerson calls for a distinctive American style, dealing with American subjects. Thus, it is regarded as “America’s Declaration of Intellectual Independence” . 忿睁颖拿落敖侮跺伐贡应哉劳憨介豢限胯开石柄肝属怂蒲旧袁船闻们郧贬超验主义-爱默生与卢梭超验主义-爱默生与卢梭 Self-Reliance《论自助》（1841）：“Self-Reliance” is his significant work which expresses his idea of transcendentalism, one focus of which is the primacy of the individual. So it explores individualism at the heart of Emerson’s Transcendental faith: the dignity and the ultimate sanctity of each human being. “Believe in Yourself” is the core point of “Self-Reliance.” 菱莫壳建卡爹讶佑响蓬礼类坪啊确管砸颤孔舶芳鳖桩焕名涩哟恢伙奴坷炉超验主义-爱默生