5-81 A to oncrete - California Department of （5 - 81混凝土加州）.pdf

Bridge design Aids 5-81 • JAnuAry 2012 LRFD 5-81 AnchorAge to concrete 1. Introduction Steel-to-concrete or concrete-to-concrete connections can be accomplished through the use of several types of anchorage systems. This design aid describes the concrete anchor systems that are most widely used on Caltrans’jobs and assists the designer in selecting the system that is best suited for a particular application. 2. Anchor Systems and Design Criteria There are two broad types of anchor systems – post-installed anchors and cast-in-place (CIP) anchors. The design recommendations for post-installed anchors in this aid conform to the requirements in the California Amendments to AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications. For CIP anchors, the design recommendations are based on ACI 318-08 as well as California Amendments to AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design Specifications . The designer should determine the loading combinations and the corresponding load factors for each application. 3. Post-Installed Anchors This type of an anchor is installed in a hole that is drilled in hardened concrete. There are two main types of post-installed anchors – Mechanical Expansion Anchors (MEA) and Bonded Anchors. 3.1 Mechanical Expansion Anchors MEAs are inserted in pre-drilled holes. These anchors expand and bear against the concrete surface and are placed using any of the following techniques: a) Hammering the anchor (deformation controlle