Basic Polymer Rheology, as related to Extrusion （基本的聚合物流变学,与挤压）.pdf

Basic Polymer Rheology, as related to Extrusion Coating Machinery David R Constant Battenfeld Gloucester Engineering Co. Inc. Gloucester, Massachusetts, USA Abstract LDPE remains the classic material of choice for many Extrusion Coating Applications, due to excellent processing and end-use performance reasons. High shear extrusion screws are desirable, actually promoting oxidation of the melt for improved adhesion to substrates. T-shaped flat die technology, with internal deckling, has emerged as the premium technology to handle monolayer and multilayer extrusion coating applications with LDPE and other polymers. But as with all technologies, remaining competitive means meeting demands for improved products, at higher rates and at lower cost. In this case this also means machinery suppliers need to understand machine “innovation’s” effects on the polymers. Higher rates cause higher “extension” of the melt from the die, which will affect melt orientation, neck-in, melt resonance and overall quality and productivity. Traditional measurements of Melt Index do not quantify effects on the polymer and the process. Measurements of melt strength, or melt elasticity are therefore necessary as a Q.C. tool for existing operations and for design reasons for new equipment. Introduction Extrusion coating and extrusion lamination are important conversion processes for the production of many packaged food or industrial products. Extrusion coating involves application of a molten layer of polymer, usually low density polyethylene (LDPE), acid copolymers like ethylene acrylic acid (EAA) or ethylene methyl acrylate (EMA), and “newer, modified” LLDPEs to a substrate such as paper, paperboard, aluminum foils and various other polymers such as oriented polypropylene (OPP) or oriented polyethylene terephthalate (OPET). [1, 2] Related applications include milk cartons, single serve milk and juice boxes, snack bags, tarps, and tapes. Th