《黄帝内经灵枢.师传》有关中医心理治疗及谘询原则浅释.docVIP

《黄帝内经灵枢.师传》有关中医心理治疗及谘询原则浅释【摘要】 传统中医学除了以药物治疗情志病外，也累积不少运用语言疏导病人心理的经验。远自黄帝内经《灵枢…告之以其败，语之以其善，导之以其所便，开之以其所苦…」已概括了一些治疗情志病的原则，这些原则与现代心理治疗及心理谘询的概念互相呼应。据临床经验，一般医者会「先语之以其善」，加强医患关系，及确立患者的信心；继而「导之以其所便」，促进患者的动机，启动情志问题的解决过程；再而对待一些动机不高及对自已病况不着紧的患者则施以「告之以其败」，激发患者的求生及追求改变的动机；而「开之以其所苦」则导出情志病「闭结」的病机；从此可引申「疏导」、「宣通」及「变动」等附合现代心理治疗及心理谘询的治法及策略。 【关键词】 黄帝内经灵枢师传;情志病;语言疏导;心理治疗;心理谘询 The elaboration on the principles of psychotherapy and counseling in Huang Di Nei Jing Ling Shu 29 in the perspective of Traditional Chinese Medicine 【Abstract】Traditional Chinese Medicine has profound experience in dealing with the mental illnesses with the methodology of counseling, besides the use of herbs.It was written in the ancient Huang Di Nei Jing Ling Shu 29, “…to declare to the patients the consequences, to tell them the positives, to guide them at their convenience, to break through their worries…”In this some principles of dealing with mental illnesses have been briefly laid.These old principles, which are in line with clinical experience, are closely correlated with the contemporary concepts of psychotherapy and counseling. Most practitioners will start to find out the positives of the patients to establish mutual working relationship and to build up their confidence; then to start the problem-solving process with where the patients are in order to mobilize their motivation to change.For those with low motivation, the practitioners will tend to confront them cognitively with the unfavorable consequences they will bear.The principle “to break through their worries” implicates the crucial causation of the mental illnesses―“Congestion” in the sense of TCM pathology, thus the treatment strategies such as “ventilation”, “opening up” and “differentiation” are derived and declared. 【Key words】Huang Di Nei Jing Ling Shu 29; Mental illnesses; Psychotherapy; Counseling; 【中图分类号】 R2-0 【文献标识码】 A 【文章编号】 1007-8231（2011） 07-0326-02 传统中医学多侧重药物治疗情志病，但在临床经验上，许多情志病若未能调摄好心理，未能使志意和精神专直内守，魂魄不散，悔怒不起，则病情仍会反复再