氯氰菊酯通过食物链在鲤鱼肾脏和小肠中的生物积累效应.pdf

农业环境科学学报 2009,28(8):1640-1644 Journal of Agro-Environment Science 氯氰菊酯通过食物链在鲤鱼肾脏和小肠中 的生物积累效应 张文雅，张迎梅 （兰州大学生命科学学院，甘肃兰州 730000） 摘 要：以鲤鱼为研究对象，对常用农药氯氰菊酯通过食物链（蔬菜-黄粉虫幼虫-鲤鱼）在鲤鱼肾脏和小肠内的富集效应进行了研 究。饲喂的蔬菜农药残留剂量为2.00 mg ·kg-1 和10.00 mg·kg-1 ，通过HPLC 定量检测黄粉虫幼虫体内及鲤鱼肾脏和小肠内氯氰菊酯 的富集浓度，同时对鲤鱼肾脏和小肠组织结构进行了观察。结果显示，氯氰菊酯在黄粉虫幼虫及鲤鱼体内的富集浓度与剂量呈正相 关，在食物链中的富集呈逐级递增，且对黄粉虫幼虫及鲤鱼的摄食情况及活动能力有明显的影响，随着处理时间的延长及剂量的增 大，氯氰菊酯对鲤鱼肾脏及小肠结构损伤程度也增大。因此，杀虫剂氯氰菊酯的使用会通过食物链对环境中生物乃至人类健康和生 态平衡造成影响，应慎重使用。 关键词：氯氰菊酯；食物链；鲤鱼；生物富集 中图分类号：X592 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1672- 2043(2009)08- 1640- 05 Bioaccumulation of Cypermethrin in Kidney and Intestine of Carp Through Food Chain ZHANG Wen-ya, ZHANG Ying-mei （School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China） Abstract ：Cypermethrin, which is frequently used in agricultural practice as an important pesticide, was used in this paper to detect the con－ centration of bio-pollutants in kidney and intestine of carp Cyprinus carpio entered through the food chain （cabbage—Tenebrio molitor larva— carp）. Cabbage plants were spread with cypermethrin to create a gradient of cypermethrin residue value of 0, 2.00 mg ·kg-1 and 10.00 mg ·kg-1. The values of cypermethrin in the larvae of T. molitor as well as in the organs of carps were determined by HPLC. The tissue structures of kid－ ney and intestine of carps were observed for any abnormalities. The results indicated that there was a positive correlation between cyperme－ thrin accumulation values and the residue values. The concentration of cypermethrin in the larvae and in the organs of carps went up as time extends. The concentration of cypermethrin in the intestine was higher than that in the kidney. The appetite and activity of the larvae and the fishes were also appeared to be affected. Cypermethrin was toxic to larvae and caused high mortality in the treated larvae. Further more, the structures of kidney and intestine were appeared to be affected by cypermethrin with the increase of treatment