水圈-湖泊沼泽地下水冰川-2009（The lake marsh glacier groundwater -2009）.docVIP

水圈-湖泊沼泽地下水冰川-2009（The lake marsh glacier groundwater -2009） Lakes, marshes, Groundwater, glaciers I. lakes Causes and types of lakes On the ground, depressions form a relatively wide area of water called lakes. Both the internal force and the external force can form a lake basin. For example, part of the earths crust, tectonic subsidence can be faulted lake; caldera vents or lava plateau can form volcano Lake; glacial moraine hills or depressions, rear end moraine can form glacial lakes; landslides, lava flow or glacier Valley can form a lake; water erosion basin can form wind erosion karst Lake; can the formation of karst Lake; shallow bay or harbour by sand or spit and water separated, can form a lagoon; meandering river cutting curve straight after can form oxbow lake; underground ice permafrost melts, surface subsidence seeper, can form a thaw Lake; artificial dam, reservoir construction, the formation of the artificial lake, etc.. The classification of lakes is varied: 1., according to the source of the lake, the lake is divided into two major categories: the sea lake and the land lake. The lake, once a part of the ocean, was later separated from it, while the surface Lake contained most of the lands surface. 2., according to the relation between the lake water and the runoff, the lake is divided into the inland lake and the outflow lake. The inland lake has no runoff to the sea, and is often a non drainage lake. The outflow lake uses the river as the drainage channel, also known as the drainage lake, and the lake finally empties into the sea. 3., according to the degree of mineralization of the lake, the lake is divided into freshwater lakes and salt lakes. The salt water lake can be further divided into carbonic acid Saline Lake, sulfuric acid Saline Lake, chloride Saline Lake and so on according to the main component of diss