如何提高机械加工精度（How to improve machining accuracy）.docVIP

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如何提高机械加工精度（How to improve machining accuracy）.doc

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如何提高机械加工精度（How to improve machining accuracy） Machining accuracy refers to the degree of conformity of the actual geometric parameters (size, shape and position) with the ideal geometric parameters. In machining, the error is unavoidable, but the error must be within the allowable range. Through the error analysis, the basic rules of the change are mastered, and corresponding measures are adopted to reduce the machining errors and improve the machining accuracy. First, the main reason for machining errors (1) spindle rotation error. The spindle rotation error is the change of the actual rotation axis of each spindle relative to its average turning axis. The main causes of the radial rotation error of the spindle include the coaxiality of the spindle, the errors of the bearings, the coaxiality error between the bearings and the degree of rotation of the main shaft. Appropriate to improve the manufacturing precision of the spindle and the bearing box, selection of high precision, improve the assembly precision spindle, the balance of the high speed spindle unit, the rolling bearing preload, can improve the rotation accuracy of machine tool spindle. (two) rail error. The guide rail is the basis for determining the relative position of the machine tool parts in the machine tool, and also the benchmark of the machine tool movement. There are three main requirements for the accuracy of the lathe Rail: the straightness in the horizontal plane; the straightness in the vertical plane; the parallelism (distortion) of the front and rear guides. In addition to the manufacturing error of the rail itself, the uneven wear and installation quality of the guide rail is also an important factor leading to the error of the rail. (three) transmission chain error. The transmission error of transmission chain refers to the error of the relative movement between the transmission elements at the head and the end of the transmission chain. The transmission error is caused by the manufacturi