某石煤钒矿工艺矿物学研究.docVIP

某石煤钒矿的工艺矿物学研究 徐晓辉，刘大学，王玲 （北京矿冶研究总院，北京 100160） 摘要：研究石煤钒矿的工艺矿物学特性，查明了矿石中钒元素的赋存状态及主要矿物的嵌布特征，并就影响提钒工艺的矿物学因素进行了分析。结果表明，矿石中88.02%钒呈类质同象分布于硅酸盐矿物中，6.00%分布于褐铁矿中，4.20%以钒钛氧化物形式独立存在，少量钒以钒酸盐形式存在。含钒硅酸盐矿物主要以隐晶质或胶状结构产出，并与微晶石英及炭质紧密胶结在一起，焙烧、高酸浸出钒浸出率仅64%难以破坏其结构。提钒工艺选择应重视选矿富集钒或选矿抛耗酸矿物。 关键词：石煤钒矿工艺矿物学提钒富集中图分类号：TF81.3 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1007-7545（2013）0-0000-00 Process Mineralogy of Vanadium Bearing Stone Coal Ore XU Xiao-hui, LIU Da-xue, WANG Ling (Beijing General Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy, Beijing 100160, China) Abstract: The process mineralogy characteristics of vanadium bearing stone coal ore were studied. The occurrence of vanadium in ore and dissemination characteristics of main minerals were found out. The effects of mineralogy factors on vanadium extraction were analyzed. The results show that 88.02% of total vanadium in ore distributes in silicate minerals as isomorphism, 6.00% of vanadium distributes in limonite, 4.20% of vanadium independently exists as vanadium-titanium oxide ore, and the rest small amount exists as vanadate. Occurring mainly as cryptocrystalline or colloidal texture and cemented closely with microlitic quartz and carbonaceous matter, vanadium-bearing silicate minerals is hard to be broken with blank roasting and concentrated acid leaching with a vanadium leaching rate of only 64%. The selection of vanadium extraction process shall be focused on vanadium concentration or discarding of acid-consuming minerals by mineral processing. Key words：vanadium-bearing stone coal ore; process mineralogy; vanadium extraction; concentration 我国石煤钒矿蕴藏量极其丰富，仅湘、鄂、赣、浙、皖、贵、陕7省石煤中五氧化二钒储量就超过世界其他各国五氧化二钒储量的总和[1]。石煤钒矿含钒品位较低，一般在0.8%以下钒一般赋存在黏土矿物中，结构难以破坏，再加之石煤钒矿矿石成分及结构构造十分复杂，钒提取率很低，矿石难以利用。为了开发利用我国丰富的石煤钒矿，开展矿石工艺矿物学研究十分必要。 传统的钠化焙烧水浸铵盐沉钒工艺焙烧时产生大量Cl2、HCl等有毒气体，环境污染，已经被淘汰[2]。目前研究的提钒工艺主要有钙化焙烧[3]、无盐焙烧[]、碱法浸出[]、直接硫酸浸出[]、添加助浸剂硫酸直接浸出[]等工艺，本文在工艺矿物学研究的基础上，初步分析了矿物性质对提钒工艺选择的影响。 1 矿石化学分析 矿石取自陕西某石煤钒矿，其主要化学成分V 0.50、Fe 2.02、C 7.75、S 1.23、SiO2 66.02、K2O 1.36、Na2O 0.039、CaO 3.96、MgO 1.14、Al2O3