自平衡交叉基础 姜宏玺 张华英.docVIP

中图分类号：TM 75 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1000-7229（2011）00-0000-00 输电线路自平衡交叉基础 姜宏玺1，张华英2 （山东电力工程咨询院，济南市，250013） JIANG Hongxi1，ZHANG Huaying2 （1.Shandong Electric Power Engineering Consulting Institue，Jinan 250013，China；2.Shandong Architecture University，Jinan 250100，China） ABSTRACT: In conventional design of transmission lines, each leg of tower is individually configured based on the independent column. After analyzing basic characteristics of transmission tower force, this article makes basis of four separate column jointing as a whole, and passes uplift and low pressure through the cross beam to change uplift calculation to bending calculation. And then, this article introduces design principles and methods of self-balanced cross foundation. After discussing some issues of design feature and process of self-balanced cross foundation, and also comparing with other foundations, this article analyzes applicable scope and shortcoming of self-balanced cross foundation. Example calculations show that this self-balanced cross foundation has characteristics of shallow depth, high reliability, perfect integrity, great ability to resist horizontal displacement and economical efficiency, so that self-balanced cross foundation has great promotional value, especially can be used in special geological conditions. KEYWORDS: self-balanced cross foundation; elastic foundation beam; the foundation of new type of tower; calculation of uplift; overhead transmission line; desert; mined-out areas 摘要：输电线路 关键词：；；；架空线路； 0 引言 [1]对上拔计算采用剪切法和土重法，这2种方法都依靠地基土体抗力和基础自重抵抗上拔荷载。 通过比较目前目前常用的建筑材料的抗力性能（材料）分项系数[2-4]，可以知道土体抗剪性能的抗力分项系数应在1.67以上，与钢筋、混凝土相比，土体抗剪的性能离散性大，可靠性低，依靠土的剪切来抵抗基础上拔，需要设置较大的抗力分项系数来保证其安全度。 目前国内认为，各型基础岩土的剪切的可靠性由高到低依次为重力式基础—原状土基础—大开挖基础（回填密实）—灌注桩基础—大开挖基础（回填不密实）。而本文提出一种新的基础型式——自平衡基础不通过土的剪切来抵抗上拔，可靠度与重力式基础相似，是目前所有送电线路基础中可靠度最高的基础型式之一。 根据我国现有的规范，输电铁塔的设计与国外相比较为合理和成熟，而输电线路基础的设计较为保守，基础尺寸比国外大，基础施工等各方面的费用比国外要高出很多[5]。 自平衡交叉基础可以避开机理复杂的土的剪切计算，运用可靠性较高的钢筋混凝土的弯、剪计算来设计，可有效降低基础费用。 1 杆塔基础受力特点的分析 对于直线塔，基础作用力的控制工况多为60°或45°