肾结石检查（nephrolithiasis）.docVIP

肾结石检查（nephrolithiasis） Laboratory inspection: 1. The urine test can be divided into general examination and special examination. (1) general check mainly for routine urine: it includes pH, relative density (specific gravity), RBC, pus cell, protein, sugar, crystal, such as urinary stone can be found in the urine of patients with hematuria, crystal urine and pus cells, such as urine pH indicate the level of a certain type of stones: calcium phosphate, carbonate apatite stones in patients with urine pH value is often higher than 7.0; And uric acid and cystine and calcium oxalate stones in patients with urine pH value is less than 5.5, often visible microscopic haematuria or with macroscopic haematuria, but 15% of the patients without blood in the urine, in non-infectious calculi, can have slight pyuria. (2) special inspection includes: Urine crystallographic examination: fresh urine should be retained. If uric acid is found in urine, it is often suggested that uric acid stone may be; The crystals found in the envelope may be calcium oxalate. The coffin lid is a crystal of magnesium ammonium phosphate; Sulfa crystallization is found in the urine of patients suspected of sulfonamides. 2. Bacterial culture: the bacterial colony 105 / ml is positive, and the drug sensitive test can understand the most effective antibiotics, and the urine culture is likely to infect the bacteria that produce urea. Laboratory tests of 24h urine: the urine of 24h should be collected correctly, urine measurement should be accurate, and the contents of the test include: 24h urine calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, citric acid, uric acid, oxalic acid, cystine and so on. 2. Blood biochemical examination (1) normal adult serum calcium is 2.13 ~ 2.6 tendency/L (8.5 ~ 10.4 mg/dl), inorganic phosphorus was 0.87 ~ 1.45 tendency/L (2.7 ~ 4.5 mg/dl), primary hyperparathyroidism patients serum calcium was higher than normal, often tendency in 2.75 L (more than 11 mg/dl), and at the same time accompanied b