血凝实验（Hemagglutination test）.docVIP

血凝实验（Hemagglutination test） Hemagglutination test (hemagglutinationtest) is the abbreviation of erythrocyte agglutination test. Indirect hemagglutination test is an indirect agglutination test using red blood cells as a carrier. It is widely used in clinical tests. The following procedures are briefly described. (1) carrier red blood cells are uniform size carrier particles, the most commonly used are sheep, rabbit, chicken red blood cells and O type human red blood cells. Fresh red blood cells can adsorb polysaccharides antigens, but their ability to adsorb proteins, antigens, or antibodies is poor. Sensitized red blood cells have a short shelf life and are fragile, hemolytic, and contaminated. They can only be used for 2~3 days. For this reason, the erythrocyte is usually aldehyde before it is sensitized, and it can be preserved for a long time without hemolysis. Commonly used aldehydes are formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde, acetone, aldehyde and so on. After the red blood cell is aldehyde, the volume is slightly increased, and the two sides are raised in a disc shape. The erythrocyte has strong ability to adsorb proteins, antigens or antibodies, and the effect of hemagglutination is similar to that of fresh red blood cells. If two different aldehydes are used, the effect is better. Glutaraldehyde can also be used, and then treated with tannic acid. The aldehyde red cell can be heated at 60 DEG C and can be frozen again and again without breaking. It can be stored for 3~6 months at 4 DEG C, and can be stored for more than one year at 20 degrees centigrade. (two) the antigen or antibody required for sensitization or sensitization requires high purity and maintains good immune activity. There are direct and indirect methods for sensitization of red blood cells with protein. The direct method can only be directly adsorbed at the low pH and low ionic concentration with the aldehyde red blood cell. The indirect law binds proteins to red blood cells with a coupling agent. Co