基于近场声全息技术车内声源识别实验研究.pdf

第十届全国振动理论及应用学术会议论文集(2011) 基于近场声全息技术的车内声源识别实验研究 张永斌, 毕传兴, 陈心昭 （合肥工业大学噪声振动工程研究所,安徽 合肥, 230009 ） 摘要：本文采用基于等效源法（ESM ）的近场声全息（NAH ）技术进行了汽车车内噪声源识别实验研究。 汽车车内声场的NAH 分析和自由声场存在较大不同，必须考虑反射声的影响。当测量面和声源距离较近时， 反射声所占比重较小，可视为常规误差，直接进行重建。但在重建过程中，需要采用正则化技术抑制反射 声引起的误差的影响。当测量面距离声源较远时，反射声所占比例变大，单纯依靠正则化技术并不能消除 影响，所以必须首先进行声场分离，然后再重建声场。本文采用基于ESM 的双面声场分离技术成功地分离 出了对应声源的直达声，经过重建过程的检验，验证了分离声压的有效性，并阐明了对于反射声较强的情 况声场分离这一前处理环节的必要性。另外，对于前面所述反射声所占比例较小的情况也可以采用声场分 离消除影响，但是相对于直接正则化重建来说，增加了计算量。 关键词： 车内声场；近场声全息；等效源法；声场分离 中图分类号：TB532 Identification of sound source in a car based on the near-field acoustic holography Zhang Yong-bin, Bi Chuan-xing, Chen Xin-zhao (Institute of Sound and Vibration Research, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China) Abstract ：In this paper an experiment was carried out to identify the noise source located in the inner field of a car using the near-field acoustic holography (NAH) based on the equivalent source method (ESM). The reflection has to be considered when NAH analysis is performed in the inner field of a car. When the measurement surface is very near to the source, the reflection is correspondingly weak and can be regarded as a kind of measurement error. The sound field between the source and the measurement surface can be reconstructed directly without any pretreatment. However it should be mentioned that the regularization is necessary to suppress the influences caused by the reflection. When the measurement surface becomes far from the source, the proportion of reflected sound becomes bigger on the measurement surface. In this case, some pretreatment such as sound field separation technique has to be adopted to eliminate influences of the reflection. In this paper the double-surface sound field separation technique based on the ESM is u