液体静压导轨定压供油式油腔承载力超静定力学模型_赵建华.pdfVIP

第 48 卷第 22 期 机 械 工 程 学 报 Vol.48 No.22 2012 年 11 月 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING Nov. 2 0 1 2 DOI ：10.3901/JME.2012.22.168 液体静压导轨定压供油式油腔 承载力的超静定力学模型* 赵建华 高殿荣 张作超 (燕山大学机械工程学院 秦皇岛 066004) 摘要：在机床液体静压导轨的设计计算中，准确计算各油腔的承载力是正确设计液体静压导轨系统的前提。目前液体静压导 轨的油腔承载力的计算一般采用“平移外负载”的方法。不同的油腔布置形式对应不同的力学模型，使 “平移外负载”的 通用性较差。根据叠加原理，利用逆向思维，将定压供油式油腔的承载力分为 6 部分，分别承受外载荷的 6 个分量。导轨上 油腔的布置较复杂时，油腔承载力的计算变成超静定问题。借鉴“弹性体”的求解方法，列出油膜的变形协调方程，将超静 定问题转化成静定问题，进而求解出各油腔的承载力。将油腔承载力的 6 部分进行矢量叠加，推导出油腔承载力的最终求解 方程。以工程中的回转工作台为范例进行计算，与实际的已测结果进行比较，验证了该方法的正确可行性。所做研究提供了 定压供油式液体静压导轨油腔承载力的通用计算方法，并能借助计算机编程求解，提高了设计效率和精度。 关键词：液体静压导轨 叠加原理 超静定问题 弹性体 变形协调方程 中图分类号：TH133 Indeterminate Mechanics Model of Bearing Capacity of Constant Pressure Oil Pockets in Hydrostatic Slide ZHAO Jianhua GAO Dianrong ZHANG Zuochao (College of Mechanical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004) Abstract ：In the design and the calculation of the hydrostatic slide in the machine tools, calculating accurately the bearing capacity of the oil pocket is a prerequisite. At present, the method of translating external load is commonly used to calculate the bearing capacity of the oil pockets. The mechanics model of translating external load varies with the various arrangements of the oil pockets, and then it possesses the poor commonality. Based on the superposition principle of force, the bearing capacity of the constant pressure oil pocket is divided into 6 parts, which sustains the direction component of the external load. When the arrangement of the oil pockets is complicated, the calculation of the bearing capacity of the oil pockets is the indeterminate problem. Borrowing the solution method of eastic body, t