二极性和四极性黑穗病菌b交配型基因的保守型研究.pdfVIP

The Plant Cell, Vol. 5, 123-136, January 1993 O 1993American Society of Plant Physiologists Conservation of the b Mating-Type Gene Complex among Bipolar and Tetrapolar Smut Fungi Guus Bakkerenaand James W. Kronstadaibl‘ a Biotechnology Laboratory, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 123 Departments of Microbiology and Plant Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 123 In the phytopathogenic fungus Ustilago hordei, one locus with two alternate alleles, MAT.1 and MAT-2,controls mating and the establishment of the infectiousdikaryon (bipolar mating). Incontrast, for U.maydis, these functions are associated with two different gene complexes, called a and b (tetrapolar mating); the a complex has two alternate specificities, and the b gene complex is multiallelic. We have found homologs for the b gene complex in U.bordei and have cloned one from each mating type using sequences f”one bEast allele of U.maydis as a probe. Sequence analysis revealed two divergent open reading frames in each b complex, which we called bW (bWest) and bE (bEast) in analogy with the b gene complex of U.maydis. The predicted bW and bE gene products from the two different mating types showed .v75% identity when homologous polypeptideswere compared. All of the characterized bW and bEgene products have variable amino-terminal regions, consenred carboxy-terminal regions, and similar homeodomain motifs. Sequence comparisons with the bW1 and bE1 genes of U.maydis showed conservation in organization and structure. Ransformation of the U. bordei b gene complex into a U.bordei strain of opposite mating type showed that the b genes from the two mating types are functional alleles. The U.hordei b genes, when introduced into 0.maydis, rendered the haploid transforniants weakly pathogenic on maize. These results indicate that structurally and functionally consenred b genes