CALM SBM Offshore（冷静座离岸）.pdf

CALM CALM Our Activities 2 SBM Offshore | CALM Brochure Catenary Anchor Leg Mooring (CALM) The CALM is the most popular and widely-used type Back in the 1950’s, SBM Offshore pioneered the of offshore loading terminal with more than 500 development of the CALM. Since then, we have systems installed to date. CALMs have been deployed delivered over 400 CALM offshore terminals, remaining worldwide for a variety of applications, water depths the principle innovator and market leader. For more and vessel sizes ranging from small product carriers to specific information about our projects, please refer Very Large Crude Carriers (VLCC). Because of safe and to our Loading Offloading Terminals Performance easy berthing and un-berthing operations, the CALM Record Brochure. is equally the preferred offshore terminal of Mooring Masters and Tanker Captains. SBM Offshore | CALM Brochure 3 What is a CALM? Shallow water CALM A CALM consists of a floating buoy anchored to the CALMs are usually located in water depths between 20 seabed by catenary chain legs which are secured to 100 meters and are connected to a shore storage to anchors or piles. One or more elastic mooring facility (tank farm) or to offshore production platforms hawsers hold the tanker captive to a turntable which by means of a submarine pipeline. Since early 2000, is mounted on top of the buoy by means of a slewing the CALM design has been used and adapted to bearing. deepwater conditions, greater than 1,000 meter