Chapter 6. Synchronous Machines Educypedia（第六章。）.pdf

48550 Electrical Energy Technology Chapter 6. Synchronous Machines Topics to cover: 1) Introduction 4) Equivalent circuit model 2) Synchronous machine structures 5) Performance as a generator 3) Rotating magnetic field 6) Performance as a motor Introduction A synchronous machine is an ac rotating machine whose speed under steady state condition is proportional to the frequency of the current in its armature. The magnetic field created by the armature currents rotates at the same speed as that created by the field current on the rotor, which is rotating at the synchronous speed, and a steady torque results. Synchronous machines are commonly used as generators especially for large power systems, such as turbine generators and hydroelectric generators in the grid power supply. Because the rotor speed is proportional to the frequency of excitation, synchronous motors can be used in situations where constant speed drive is required. Since the reactive power generated by a synchronous machine can be adjusted by controlling the magnitude of the rotor field current, unloaded synchronous machines are also often installed in power systems solely for power factor correction or for control of reactive kVA flow. Such machines, known as synchronous condensers, may be more economical in the large sizes than static capacitors. With power electronic variable voltage variable frequency (VVVF) power supplies, synchronous motors, especially those with permanent magnet rotors, are widely used for variable speed drives. If the stator excitation of a permanent magnet motor is controlled by