情态动词与虚拟语气(教师版).doc

高考英语备考总动员易错点睛7情态动词和虚拟语气（教师版） 考前必读 高考研究英语中常用的情态动词主要有can，could，may，might，must，will，would，shall，should，ought to，dare，need，used to，had better等。在学习情态动词时应注意以下几点：同一情态动词表示不同的意义的情况；情态动词后跟各种形式的用法；特别是注意“情态动词+完成式”是高考中的重点所在。高考中的虚拟语气一般与情态动词结合进行考查。每年高考试题中都会出现一定的题目。 易错点睛 易错点1 混淆“情态动词+have done”各种句式的不同含义 【易错题1】He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he ????????it differently. A. could express??????????????????????? B. would express C. could have expressed???????????????? D. must have expressed 【易错题2】—Where is my dictionary? I remember I put it here yesterday. —You it in the wrong place. A.must put B.should have put C.might put D.might have put 【解析】考生容易误选A项，原因是受汉语表达习惯的影响，认为“你一定是把它放错地方了”。根据前面的语境可判断出，本题考查情态动词表推测的用法。所以要用“might have done”。“should havedone表示“(过去)本来应该做某事”。must意为“一定”，是肯定的推测，与所提供的情景矛盾。might put表示现在发生的事。 【答案】D 【错因透视】may／might have done表示“过去可能做了(某事)”。如：一where is my pen?我的钢笔哪里去了?一You might have put it in your pocket．你可能把它放到你的口袋里了。 【易错题3】Mr. White _____ at 8:30 for the meeting, but he didnt show up. A. should have arrived 　　 B. should arrive C. should have had arrived D. should be arriving 【易错题4】—She looks very happy. She ______ have passed the exam. —I guess so. It’s not difficult after all. A. should B. could C. must D. might 【错因透视】‘‘must+have+过去分词”表示对过去情况的推测，表示“(过去)一定、必定做了某事”。must接动词原形表示对现在情况的猜测。如：Tom must have finished his homework yesterday because he went camping with his parents．汤姆昨天一定是完成作业了，因为他和父母去野营了。 【易错题5】-Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you. -Thanks. You______it. I could manage it myself.　 A．neednt do B．neednt have done C．mustnt do D．shouldnt have done 【解析】考生容易误选D项，认为是“你本来不应该做那件事情”。句子意思是：“凯瑟琳，我已经给你打扫了房间。”“谢谢。你本来没有必要打扫的，我自己能够对付。”needn’t have done表示“过去本来没有必要做而做了”；shouldn’t have done表示“过去本来不应该做而做了”。 【答案】B 【错因透视】needn’t have done表示“本来没必要做而做了”，是对过去情况的虚拟。如：You needn’thave told him that．你本没必要告诉他那件事。 易错点2对情态动词的基本用法掌握不熟练 【易错题l】— It’s the office! So you know eating is not allowed h