Introduction to CFD Basics - Cornell University（介绍了CFD基本康奈尔大学）.pdf

Introduction to CFD Basics Rajesh Bhaskaran Lance Collins This is a quick-and-dirty introduction to the basic concepts underlying CFD. The con- cepts are illustrated by applying them to simple 1D model problems. We’ll invoke these concepts while performing “case studies” in FLUENT. Happily for us, these model-problem concepts extend to the more general situations in the case studies in most instances. Since we’ll keep returning to these concepts while performing the FLUENT case studies, it’s worth your time to understand and digest these concepts. We discuss the following topics briefly. These topics are the minimum necessary to perform and validate the FLUENT calculations to come later. 1. The Need for CFD 2. Applications of CFD 3. The Strategy of CFD 4. Discretization Using the Finite-Difference Method 5. Discretization Using The Finite-Volume Method 6. Assembly of Discrete System and Application of Boundary Conditions 7. Solution of Discrete System 8. Grid Convergence 9. Dealing with Nonlinearity 10. Direct and Iterative Solvers 11. Iterative Convergence 12. Numerical Stability 13. Turbulence modeling 1 The Need for CFD Applying the fundamental laws of mechanics to a fluid gives the governing equations for a fluid. The conservation of mass equation is ∂ρ + ∇ · (ρV ) = 0 ∂t and the conservation of momentum equation is ∂V ρ + ρ(V · ∇)V = −∇p + ρg + ∇ · τij ∂t These equations along with the conservation of energy equation form a set of coupled, non- linear