PEDESTRIAN EXCITATION OF BRIDGES（行人激励的桥梁）.pdfVIP

David Newland, Page number 1 PEDESTRIAN EXCITATION OF BRIDGES - RECENT RESULTS David E. Newland University of Cambridge Department of Engineering Trumpington Street Cambridge CB2 1PZ, England den@eng.cam.ac.uk Abstract The unexpected pedestrian-excited vibration of London’s Millennium Bridge was caused by its low damping and high live load. Several other examples of bridges which vibrate significantly when carrying a crowd of people have since come to light. This paper reviews results for the dynamic loading caused by moving pedestrians, for both vertical and lateral vibration. The phenomenon of “synchronisation” by which people respond naturally to an oscillating bridge when this has a frequency close to their natural walking or running frequency is an important factor in increasing the severity of loading. By increasing modal damping, synchronisation can be prevented. This is how the London Millennium Bridge’s problem was solved. But how much damping is needed in any particular situation? By making some simplifying assumptions about how people walk or run, it is possible to predict minimum required damping levels to ensure that synchronisation does not lead to high vibration levels. These predictions are compared with published bridge response data and found to be in reasonable agreement. David Newland, Page number 2 INTRODUCTION To mark the Millennium, a new