Reflection (mirrors, seeing your image) （反射(镜子,看到你的图片)）.pdfVIP

Physics 1230: Light and Color Geometrical optics - how does light change direction? •  Reflection (mirrors, seeing your image) •  Refraction (bending light, light in water) /physics/phys1230 Refraction Ever notice how your leg looks bent as you dangle them in the water from the edge of a pool? Why do fish seem to radically change position as we look at them from different viewpoints in an aquarium? What makes diamonds sparkle so much? These are all questions that can be addressed with the concept of refraction. Refraction is the bending of light when it goes from one transparent medium to another (e.g. air-to-glass or air-to-water). This meeting place of two different media is called the interface between the media. All refraction of light (and reflection) occurs at an interface. Examples of Refraction •  Bending of light in glass •  Mirages •  Total internal reflection •  Fiber optics •  Sparkle of diamonds Demonstrations •  Refraction e.g. stick in tank of water, pencil in glass of water •  Total internal reflection - light pipe Changing the speed of light - refraction Refractions occur because the speed of light changes (slows down) when the light enters a “denser” material Applet on Speed of Light /primer/java/ speedoflight/index.html Optical Density of selected materials Question: What determines if one material is more or less dense than another from the point of view of light? Answer: The speed of light is slower in denser materials We define the index of refraction n of a substance as - n = speed of light in vacuum speed of light in substance So n = c/v or v = c/n Optical density is characterized by the