增译与减译.pptVIP

英语长句的译法 在翻译长句时，首先，不要因为句子太长而有畏惧心里，因为，无论是多么复杂的句子，它都是有一些基本的成分组成的。其次要弄清英语原文的句法结构，找出整个句子的中心内容及其各层意思，然后分析几层意思之间的相互逻辑关系，再按照汉语的特点和表达方式，正确地译出原文的意思，不必拘泥于原文地形式 I．英语长句的分析 一般的说，造成长句的原因有三方面： （1）??修饰语过多； （2）?并列成分多 （3）语言结构层次多。 在分析长句时可以采取下面的方法： （1）找出全句的主语，谓语和宾语，从整体上把握句子结构。 （2）找出句中所有的简单的，基本的简单句或者基本成分。 （3)分析句子中的单词的特殊含义等 (1)???? 顺序法。当英语长句的内容的叙述层次与汉语基本一致时, 可以按照英语原文的顺序翻译成汉语 If parents were prepared for this adolescent reaction, and realized that it was a sign that the child was growing up and developing valuable powers of observation and independent judgment , they would not be so hurt, and therefore would not drive the child into opposition by resenting and resisting it. (2) 逆序法。英语有些长句的表达次序与汉语表达习惯不同, 甚至完全相反, 这时必须从原文后面开始翻译。例如: It therefore becomes more and more important that, if students are not to waste their opportunities, there will have to be much more detailed information about courses and more advice.主句+if Such is a human nature in the West that a great many people are often willing to sacrifice higher pay for the privilege of becoming white collar workers (3)分句法。有时英语长句中主语或主句与修饰词的关系并不十分密切, 翻译时可以按照汉语多用短句的习惯, 把长句的从句或短语化成句子, 分开来叙述,为了使语意连贯, 有时需要适当增加词语。例如: 例1. The number of the young people in the United States who cant read is incredible about one in four. 例2. Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events, allow one to follow the latest developments in science and politics, and offers an endless series of programs which are both instructive and entertaining. (4) 综合法。上面我们讲述了英语长句的逆序法、顺序法和分句法, 事实上,在翻译一个英语长句时, 并不只是单纯地使用一种翻译方法, 而是要求我们把各种方法综合使用 例1. People were afraid to leave their houses, for although the police had been ordered to stand by in case of emergency, they were just as confused and helpless as anybody else. 例4. Up to the present time, throughout the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, this new tendency placed the home in the immediate suburbs, but concentrated manufacturing activity, business relations, government, and pleasure in the centers of the