BornShell使用笔记.docxVIP

1. Identify String Length inside Bash Shell Script${#string}The above format is used to get the length of the given bash variable.$ cat len.sh#! /bin/bashvar=Welcome to the geekstuffecho ${#var}$ ./len.sh242. Extract a Substring from a Variable inside Bash Shell ScriptBash provides a way to extract a substring from a string. The following example expains how to parse n characters starting from a particular position.${string:position}Extract substring from $string at $position${string:position:length}Extract $length of characters substring from $string starting from $position. In the below example, first echo statement returns the substring starting from 15th position. Second echo statement returns the 4 characters starting from 15th position. Length must be the number greater than or equal to zero.$ cat substr.sh#! /bin/bashvar=Welcome to the geekstuffecho ${var:15}echo ${var:15:4}$ ./substr.shgeekstuffgeek3. Shortest Substring MatchFollowing syntax deletes the shortest match of $substring from front of $string${string#substring}Following syntax deletes the shortest match of $substring from back of $string${string%substring}Following sample shell script explains the above two shortest substring match concepts.$ cat shortest.sh#! /bin/bashfilename=bash.string.txtecho ${filename#*.}echo ${filename%.*}$ ./shortest.shAfter deletion of shortest match from front: string.txtAfter deletion of shortest match from back: bash.stringIn the first echo statement substring ‘*.’ matches the characters and a dot, and # strips from the front of the string, so it strips the substring “bash.” from the variable called filename. In second echo statement substring ‘.*’ matches the substring starts with dot, and % strips from back of the string, so it deletes the substring ‘.txt’4. Longest Substring MatchFollowing syntax deletes the longest match of $substring from front of $string${string##substring}Following syntax deletes the longest match of $substring from back of $string${string%%sub