基本粒子2.ppt

* It is difficult to show here, but the two quarks inside mesons must have opposite color. The quark can be either RED, GREEN, or BLUE. Choose one.. If we choose GREEN, then the anti-quark’s color is “ANTI-GREEN”. How dowe draw anti-green? Sorry, I’m not sure how, but try and keep in mind that thequark and antiquark in a a meson are one of (or some combination) of these colors combinations: Quark + Antiquark ------ ------------ RED + ANTIRED BLUE + ANTIBLUE GREEN + ANTIGREEN * FNAL = Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory. * Recall that the unit [GeV/c2] is a unit of mass. E= m c2 * * Quarks and leptons differ significantly in the way that they interact with each other. That is, the processes which can occur when two quarks collide is quite differentfrom the situation when two leptons collide.This brings us to the concept of “force carriers”. Force carriers are the particles whichtransmit a force from one particle to another.We will get into this in greater detail… * Shown is a photon of Richard Feynman. He was one of the chief architects inconstructing the most successful theory known, quantum electrodynamics, or just QED. QED describes all electric and magentic (or just electromagnetic for short) phenomenonto stunning accuracy. Built into QED, is the notion of force carriers being responsiblefor all interactions between particles. * From Merriam-Webster dictinary: Quantum: any of the very small increments or parcels into which many forms of energy are subdivided * Another process which can occur when an electron and a positron approach each otheris the following. When the electron and positron get close enough, the positron emitsa photon. Because this photon carries energy and momentum, the positron’s momentumis altered (I.e., it is scattered). The photon is subsequently absorbed by the electron, and indoing so, absorbs the photon’s momentum. Because the electron absorbs the photon’s momentum,it t