皇姑区2004～2007年出生缺陷监测研究.doc

皇姑区2004～2007年出生缺陷监测研究[摘要] 目的：了解本地区出生缺陷的发生情况，探讨影响出生缺陷的因素，制定相应的干预措施。方法：按照辽宁省沈阳市出生缺陷监测方案的要求，对全区的围生儿进行了出生缺陷的动态监测。结果：皇姑区2004~2007年出生缺陷的总发生率为138.62/万(209/15 077)；2004~2007年出生缺陷发生率呈上升趋势；男婴发生率1.46%(119/8 129)高于女婴1.30%(90/6 948)；≥35岁母龄组出生缺陷发生率高于其他年龄组；双胎出生缺陷发生率高于单胎。结论：要广泛开展健康教育，普及优生优育知识，重视并加强婚检和孕前保健，实施出生缺陷干预，减少缺陷儿的发生及出生。 [关键词] 围生儿；出生缺陷；监测；干预措施 [中图分类号]R714.7 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]1673-7210（2008）04（a）-104-03 Cause and countermeasures of birth defects in Huanggu District during 2004 ~2007 LIANG Cong-mei1，WANG Yan-nian2，ZHAO Er-man1 (1．Huanggu District Maternity and Child Health Care Institute，Huanggu 110031，China；2.The College of Chinese Materia Medica，Shenyang Pharmaceutical University， Shenyang 110016，China) [Abstract] Objective: To explore the condition of birth defects and associated factors， to find effective countermeasures. Methods: According to the programme for controlling birth defects in Liaoning Province，our district had carried out the continuous surveillance of birth defects. Results: The total prevalence of birth defects in Huanggu District was 138.62/10 000 births(209/15 077). There was a gradual increase trend of the prevalence from 2004 to 2007. The top five birth defects were congenital heart attack，cleft lip，other error occurred of external ear，congenital hydrocephaly and polydactyly. The birth defects rate of boys was obviously higher than girls；the group of ≥35 years old was higher than other groups；and twins birth was higher than single birth. Conclusion: The prevalence of birth defects in Huanggu District indicates a increasing trend; in recent years，birth defects are associated with the infant sex，pregnant woman，twins or single birth. There is some correlativity between the detective rate and birth defects. [Key words] Birth defect；Surveillance；Intervention measures 出生缺陷是当前影响出生人口素质和导致婴儿死亡率居高不下的重要因素，也是导致儿童患病和长期残疾的主要原因[1]， 给社会和家庭带来了沉重的经济负担和精神痛苦。为了寻找本地区可能影响出生缺陷的危险因素，以及为制定有效的干预措施提供科学依据，本文对近4年皇姑区8家监测医院的出生缺陷监测结果进行了综合分析。 1 对象与方法 1.1 对象