第2节 方法和语言.pptVIP

Translation Methods and Strategies— Language, Culture, Power;Translating methods are the core problems in translation. Language: word-for-word (literal) translation vs sense-for-sense (liberal) translation Culture: adapted vs alienated translation Power: domesticating vs foreignizing translation;Language;Transliteration;Congo 刚果 Trust 托拉斯 Hamlet 哈姆雷特 Whisky 威士忌;engine 引擎 motor 马达 ?sofa 沙发 logic 逻辑;音译加注： Sauna 桑拿浴——一种芬兰式的蒸汽浴 Internet 因特网——国际互联电脑网络 AIDS 爱滋病——一种获得性免疫缺损综合症;Literal translation Literal translation, word-for-word translation, and direct translation are basically the same. Word-for -word: Translate each word based on the first definition of such word in a bilingual dictionary, keeping the original word order.;“直译” 就是“字面翻译”, 但并不是简单的字对字、词对词的翻译。 How are you? * 怎么是你? How old are you? * 怎么老是你? 同样, 将white wine( 白葡萄酒) 译作“白酒”, 将restroom( 公用厕所, 洗手间) 译作“休息室”,也不是直译, 而是误译, 就像将eggplant( 茄子) 译作“蛋植物”一样荒唐可笑。;所谓直译, 就是在译文语言条件许可的情况下, 使译文尽量保持原文的形式、比喻和民族文化色彩等。 be armed to teeth、crocodile tears、chain reaction、win-win 直译为 “武装到牙齿”、“鳄鱼的眼泪”、“连锁反应”、“双赢”, 既对应了原文的字面意义, 又保留了原文的生动形象。;;;;;;;;;;;;;Adam’s apple 喉结 at sixes and sevens 乱七八糟 It rains cats and dogs. 大雨滂沱 Love me, love my dog. 爱屋及乌 以上各例若按原文字面意义直接译出就会令人感到莫名其妙、不知所云。 爱我爱狗，才是朋友;;;;;;;; ; ;;The teacher thanked her pupils because they are very cooperative. 译文：老师感谢她的学生，因为他们是非常合作的。 汉语信息传递遵循论理原则，前提在前，结论在后，因在前，果在后 改译：学生们配合得很好，老师向他们表示感谢。;Literal translation is to preserve the content and the form of the source language, keeps the original message form, including construction of sentence, meaning of the original words, the figures, metaphor, images, and national, local coloring in the original. ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ;;;Liberal translation Liberal translation is to preserve the content and the main language functions, having to give up the literal meaning of the source language.;Liberal translation must be based on the faithful reproduction of the original meaning, intention and beauty (artistic effe