苔薛生物监测大气重金属污染研究进展-南京林业大学学报.PDF

第 24 卷第 5 期 南 京 林业大 学学 报 Vo l. 24 , No . 5 2000 年9 月 Journal of N anjing Forestry U niversity Sept. , 2000 苔薛生物监测大气重金属污染研究进展 方炎明，魏勇，张晓平，杨坤 (南京林业大学森林资源与环境学院，江苏 南京 210037) 摘要: 苔薛是最敏感的大气污染指示植物之一，它具有灵敏、 精确和直接等特点o 苔薛生物监 测主要有化学分析和生态分析等途径。 通过特定的取样分析，可揭示大气重金属污染的时壁 变化格局，进而评价不同地区或时间的环境变化状况。实测数据的比较分析表明中国 的重金 属污染问题不容乐观。 有必要通过技术、立法和经济等于段来解决这一环境污染问题。 关键词: 苔薛;生物监测;重金属;大气污染;城市环境 中图分类号: X831 文献标识码:A 文章编号: 1000- 2006(2000)05- 0064- 05 Advance in Bry- monotoring of Atmosperic Heavy Metal Pollution FANG Yan-ming , WEI Yong , ZHANG Xiaσping， YANG Kun (College of Forest Resources and Environm ent Nanjing Forestry U niversi町， Nanjing 210037 , China) Abstract: Bryophyte is one group of the susceptible indicators monitoring air pollution. As material of heavy metal indication , it is sensitive, accurate , and direct. Technologically two approaches for biσmonitoring， ， e. g. chemical and ecological , have been realized. By means of sampling schemes and analyzing methods , it is avail- able to investigate the spatial , or temporal , variation patterns of heavy metal deposition and evaluate changes in environmental quality among distinct regions or during separate time periods. By comparison of worldw ide empirical data , the situation or atmospheric heavy metal pollution in China seems not to be optimistic. The authors suggested that , in order to solve this environmental problem , it is necessary to take means of tech- nollgical , legislative , and economical actions. Key words: Bryophytes; Biσmonitoring; H eavy metal; A ir pollution; M etropolitan environment 1 苔辞监测实验系统的特色 1. 1 典型苔辞材料