野生大熊猫生态学研究进展与前瞻-兽类学报.PDF

兽类学报,2011,31 (4):412 - 421 Acta Theriologica Sinica 野生大熊猫生态学研究进展与前瞻 1 2 2 魏辅文 张泽钧 胡锦矗 (1 中国科学院动物研究所, 北京 100101 ) (2 西华师范大学珍稀动植物研究所,南充 637000 ) 摘要:在现代食肉目动物中,大熊猫无疑是最为引人注目的物种之一, 既在科学上具有重要的研究价值, 同时 亦是世界自然保护的象征。 自20 世纪80 年代初期我国政府与世界自然基金会合作开展野生大熊猫生态学研究 以来,迄今已积累了大量有关该物种及其栖息地的生态学知识,近年来3S 技术及分子生物学技术的推广应用将 野生大熊猫生态学研究提升到了一个崭新的高度。本文在综合大量历史文献的基础上,从栖息地生态学、觅食 生态学、繁殖生态学、行为生态学、分子生态学、种群生态学和群落生态学等不同方面就野生大熊猫生态学的 研究现状进行了梳理,力图归纳已有研究发现, 阐明研究结果的科学价值及在保护生物学上的意义。同时,结 合研究与保护管理工作的需要,对未来研究方向进行了前瞻。 关键词:大熊猫;生态学;研究;保护 中图分类号:Q958 1 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1000 - 1050 (2011 )04 - 0412 - 10 Research advances and perspectives on the ecology of wild giant pandas 1 2 2 WEI Fuwen ,ZHANG Zejun ,HU Jinchu (1 Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China) (2 Institute of Rare Animals and Plants ,China West Normal University,Nanchong 637000, China) Abstract :Among the order Carnivora,the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca )is one of the most attractive animals, possessing high value for scientific research and being a symbol of worldwide nature conservation. In early1980s,the Chi- nese government,cooperating with the WWF in initiated a research project on wild giant pandas in Wolong Nature Re- serve. Since then,extensive research activities have been conducted in different mountain ranges inhabited by the animal. The application of new techniques such as 3S (GIS,RS,GPS)and molecular markers in the ecological study of the giant panda has greatly improved our understanding of its ecology. To date,a huge body of knowledge and information has been accumulated,potentially helpfu