高二英语下学期unit-1.pptVIP

一 不定式的定义： 不定式由“ to十动词原形”构成 其否定形式是“ not to do”． 没有人称和数的变化， 但有时态和语态的变化． 一、不定式做宾语 一般表示将来的行为, 谓语和不定式的动作都是主语发出的. 下列动词只能按不定式做宾语. afford, agree, ask, decide, demand, desire, determine, expect, hope, fail, learn, manage, offer, plan, pretend, promise, refuse, wish, 一些动词要用wh-疑问词+不定式作宾语 常见的动词有decide, know, learn, wonder, understand, find out, remember, see等 what to do. how to do it. I don’t know who(m) to ask/invite. when to stop where to go. 不定式做宾语补足语 Your parents don’t allow you to play the computer. Teachers encouraged students to speak in English. 常见动词： want, wish, ask, tell, order,beg, permit, help, advise, persuade, allow, prepare, force, invite. I heard the clock ring. The clock was heard to ring. 五看 watch see look at observe notice 三使 let make have 二听 listen to hear 一感觉: feel 知觉动词+宾语+不带to的不定式 二、动词不定式做定语 动词不定式作定语要放在被修饰词后。 I have a lot of work to do today. The building to be built next year is our library. 通常表示一个未完成的动作 不定式做定语与所修饰的词之间有三种关系： 动宾关系 I have a lot of work to do. 主谓关系 He is always the first to come. 同位关系 We all have a chance to go to college. 如果不定式中的动词是不及物动词,则不定 式中要有介词 请给我一支写字的笔. Please give me a pen to write with. 不定式做状语 He ran so fast as to get to school in time. I’m very happy to see you. 目的状语 In order to pass the exam, he worked very hard． We ran all the way so as not to be late． 可放于句首,也可放于句末, 前面可加in order/so as(不句首)/ so…as to表强调 原因状语 a). 表感情的adj.有: happy, surprised, pleased, glad, sorry, anxious(忧虑), disappointed, careful, afraid, wrong. eg: I’m very sorry to see you. He was afraid to leave him home. b). 说明句中主语在哪个方面存在形容词所表示的情况时, 主动表被动. interesting, difficult, easy, important, possible, expensive,