hqic基础训练iii品管圈的改善步骤二品管-医疗品质中心wiki.pdf

HQIC 基礎訓練(III) 品管圈的改善步驟(二) 、品管工具與應用 鍾國彪 所長\教授 台大健康政策與管理研究所 Statistical Process Control (SPC)  A methodology for monitoring a process to identify special causes of variation and signal the need to take corrective action when appropriate  SPC relies on control charts 2 3 4 5 6 7 Histograms do not take into account changes over time. Control charts can tell us when a process changes 8 Control Chart Applications  Establish state of statistical control  Monitor a process and signal when it goes out of control  Determine process capability  Process capability calculations make little sense if the process is not in statistical control because the data are confounded by special causes that do not represent the inherent capability of the process. 9 Capability Versus Control Control Capability In Control Out of Control Capable IDEAL Not Capable 10 Commonly Used Control Charts  Variables data  x-bar and R-charts  x-bar and s-charts  Charts for individuals (x-charts)  Attribute data  For “defectives” (p-chart, np-char