语言与认知.pptVIP

Chapter SixLanguage and Cognition;1. What is Cognition?; The formal approach: 形式法. The psychological approach: 心理学方法. The conceptual approach: 认知法;2. Psycholinguistics;Language acquisition (L1 / L2) Language comprehension Language production Language disorders Language and Thought Neurocognition;2.1 Language Acquisition;Three-word-utterance stage Give doggie paper. Put truck window. Tractor go floor.;2.2 Language comprehension;For example, we may use morphological rules to decompose a complex word like rewritable the first few times we encounter it and after several exposures we may store and access it as a unit or word. It means that frequency of exposure determines our ability to recall stored instances. ;Lexical ambiguity;Are you engaged ? My friend drove me to the bank. They passed the port at midnight. Please give me a camel. 上课 做手术;The clerk (entering): Are you engaged? Augustus: What business is that of yours? However, if you will take the trouble to read the society papers for this week, you will see that I am engaged to the Honourable Lucy Popham, youngest daughter of. . . The clerk: That isn’t what I mean. Can you see a female? Augustus: Of course, I can see a female as easily as a male. Do you suppose I am blind? (George Bernard Shaw: Augustus Does His Bit);Lexical factors in comprehension ;Syntactic ambiguity;John painted the car in the garage. ;May likes the vase on the cupboard which she bought yesterday. The students will discuss their plan to hold a dancing party in the classroom. I know Simon better than you. Tell me if you have time.;My brother wasn’t reading all the time. The chairman appointed Mr. Brown an assistant. The scholar wrote long thesis and books. Flying planes can be dangerous.;John went into a restaurant. He asked the waitress for coq au vin. He ate it, paid the bill and left. (perfectly understandable) John went into a restaurant. He saw a waitress. He got up and went home. (does not seem to make sense); 一天，我在看中央三台的中国音乐电视。我正看得津