数控机床的加工与维护毕业论文.doc

数控机床的加工与维护毕业论文 目 录 数控机床的简介············································· 2 1.1 数控机床的发展史··········································· 2 1.2 数控机床的分类············································· 3 1.3 数控机床的发展趋势········································· 5 数控加工的准备阶段········································· 9 2.1 数控加工刀具的要求及种类··································· 9 2.2 装夹方式和夹具的选择······································ 11 2.3 数控铣床安全操作规程······································ 13 第三章 实例加工·················································· 14 3.1 零件图纸·················································· 14 3.2 材料的选择················································ 14 3.3 铣床的对刀················································ 15 3.4 零件的加工工艺性分析······································ 15 3.5 编制加工工艺过程·········································· 17 3.6 编制数控刀具及加工工艺卡·································· 18 第四章 数控机床的维护············································ 20 4.1 制订数控系统日常维护的规章制度···························· 20 4.2 应尽量少开数控柜和强电柜的门······························ 20 4.3 定时清扫数控柜的散热通风系统······························ 20 4.4 经常监视数控系统用的电网电压······························ 21 4.5 定期更换存储器用电池······································ 21 4.6 数控系统长期不用时的维护·································· 21 参考文献 ························································· 22致谢 ····························································· 23 数控机床的简介 1.1数控机床的发展史 20世纪中期，随着技术的发展，自动信息处理、数据处理以及电子的出现，给自动化技术带来了新的概念，用数字化信号对机床运动及其加工过程进行控制，推动了机床自动化的发展。　 采用数字技术进行机械加工，最早是在40年代初，由美国北密支安的一个小型飞机承包商派尔逊斯公司（ParsonsCorporation）实现的。他们在制造飞机的框架及直升飞机的转动机翼时，利用全数字电子计算机对机翼加工路径进行数据处理，并考虑到刀具直径对加工路线的影响，使得加工精度达到±0.0381mm（±0.0015in），达到了当时的最高水平。 　　1952年，麻省理院在一台立式铣床上，装上了一套试验性的数控系统，成功地实现了同时控制三轴的运动。这台数控机床被大家称为世界上第一台数控机床。 　 这台机床是一台试验性机床，到了1954年11月，在派尔逊斯专利的基础上，第一台工业用的数控机床由美国本迪克斯公司（Bendix-Cooperation）正式生产出来。 　 在此以后，从1960年开始，其他一些工业国家，如德国、日本都陆续开发、生产及使用了数控机床。 　 数控机床中最初出