基于 gpu 的电磁暂态仿真可行性研究 feasibility study of gpu based electromagnetic transient simulation.pdfVIP

第41 卷 第2 期 电力系统保护与控制 Vol.41 No.2 2013 年1 月16 日 Power System Protection and Control Jan.16, 2013 基于GPU的电磁暂态仿真可行性研究 陈来军，陈 颖，许 寅，梅生伟 （清华大学电机系电力系统国家重点实验室，北京 100084） 摘要：由于CPU 体系结构的制约，基于 CPU 的电磁暂态仿真正面临性能提升的瓶颈。近年来，GPU 因其巨大的计算潜力在通 用计算领域正受到越来越多的关注。从硬件结构和软件编程两个方面分析了 GPU 计算的特点，设计了基于 CPU-GPU 混合编程 模型的电磁暂态仿真程序并构建了原型仿真系统。测试结果表明，当系统规模不断扩大时，GPU 在电磁暂态仿真中的效率优 势将越来越明显。在此基础上，结合仿真中关键环节的耗时情况，分析了影响仿真性能的关键因素，提出了改进 GPU 仿真效 率的若干对策。 关键词：GPU; 电磁暂态仿真; 并行计算; 混合编程; 效率分析 Feasibility study of GPU based electromagnetic transient simulation CHEN Lai-jun, CHEN Ying, XU Yin, MEI Sheng -wei (State Key Lab of Power Systems, Dept of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China) Abstract: Electromagnetic transient simulation based on CPU is now facing the difficulty of performance improvement due to the constraints of CPU architecture. In recent years, GPU based simulation has attracted more and more attention in the field of general purpose computing for its great potential in solving large scale problem. In this paper, the characteristics of GPU computing are analyzed from the view of hardware structure and software programming. An electromagnetic transient simulation test bed is constructed in a GPU computing environment. Power systems with various scales are used to test the performance. Test results show that the efficiency advantage of GPU-based electromagnetic transient simulation becomes more and more obvious as the scale of the power system increases. Furthermore, the key factors which affect the performance of GPU-based electromagneti