Area Moment of inertia The University of Sydney（区域惯性矩悉尼大学）.doc

Area Moment of inertia The area moment of inertia is the second moment of area around a given axis. For example, given the axis O-O and the shaded area shown, one calculates the second moment of the area by adding together for all the elements of area dA in the shaded area. The area moment of inertia, denoted by I, can, therefore, be calculated from ? If we have a rectangular coordinate system as shown, one can define the area moment of inertial around the x-axis, denoted by Ix, and the area moment of inertia about the y-axis, denoted by Iy. These are given by ? The polar area moment of inertia, denoted by JO, is the area moment of inertia about the z-axis given by ? Note that since one has the relation ? ? The radius of gyration is the distance k away from the axis that all the area can be concentrated to result in the same moment of inertia. That is, ? ? For a given area, one can define the radius of gyration around the x-axis, denoted by kx, the radius of gyration around the y-axis, denoted by ky, and the radius of gyration around the z-axis, denoted by kO. These are calculated from the relations ? ? It can easily to show from that ? ? ? The parallel axis theorem is a relation between the moment of inertia about an axis passing through the centroid and the moment of inertia about any parallel axis. Note that from the picture we have Since gives the distance of the centroid above the x-axis, and since the this distance is zero, one must conclude that the integral in the last term is zero so that the parallel axis theorem states that ? where x must pass through the centroid of the area. In this same way, one can show that ? ? In general, one can use the parallel axis theorem for any two parallel axes as long as one passes through the centroid. As shown in the picture, this is written as ? ? where is the moment of inertia about the axis O-O passing through the centroid, I is the moment of inertia about the axis O-O, and d is the perpendicular distance between th