CHAPTER 2 QUANTITY TAKEOFF Mans（第二章数量起飞芒）.pdf

CHAPTER 2 QUANTITY TAKE-OFF The quantity takeoff is an important part of the cost estimate. It must be as accurate as possible and should be based on all available engineering and design data. Use of appropriate automation tools is highly recommended. Accuracy and completeness are critical factors in all cost estimates. An accurate and complete estimate establishes accountability and credibility of the cost engineer, therefore, providing greater confidence in the cost estimate. The estimate contingencies for programming purposes reflect the estimate confidence. 2.1 Importance of Quantity Takeoff and Required Documents The quantity of material in a project can be accurately determined from the drawings. The estimator must review each sheet of the drawings, calculate the quantity of material and record the amount and unit of measure. Each estimator must develop a system of quantity takeoff that ensures that a quantity is not omitted or calculated twice. A well- organized check-list of work will help reduce the chances of omitting an item. The estimator must, also, add an appropriate percentage for waste for those items where waste is likely to occur during construction. The material quantity takeoff is extremely important for cost estimating because it often establishes the quantity and unit of measure for the costs of labor and contractors equipment. 2.1.1 Contract documents The contract is defined by the contract documents, which are developed from the tender documents. In a logical order, these documents refer to the following subjects: Cost Estimating 21 Dr. Emad Elbeltagi Input from the client (task description).