DENTAL DISEASE, PROPHYLACTIC TREATMENT, （牙科疾病,预防性治疗,）.pdfVIP

DENTAL DISEASE, PROPHYLACTIC TREATMENT, CLIENT COMMUNICATION Ellen I. Lowery, DVM, PhD, MBA Kara M. Burns, MS, MEd, LVT, VTS (Nutrition) VTS-H (Dentistry, IM) Introduction Periodontal disease is a very common and serious disease of adult dogs and cats that has local and systemic impact. Understanding the pathophysiology of periodontal disease, particularly the relationship between dental substrates and disease progression is important to successful periodontal management. Maintaining oral health depends on professional periodontal management combined with appropriate, effective home care. Determining a periodontal management program that is effective as well as orally and systemically safe can be challenging and optimal results require consistent communication and education between the veterinarian, the technician, and the client. Periodontal Anatomy and Tooth Function Different teeth provide different functions in dogs and cats. The incisor teeth are used for grasping and nibbling. The canine teeth are used for capturing and puncturing prey. The premolar and molar teeth are used for shearing, grinding and chewing. The carnassial teeth, designated as the upper fourth premolar and the lower first molar, are the teeth primarily used for chewing. A normal, mature tooth has a crown and one to three roots. The junction of the crown and the root is termed the cementoenamel junction (CEJ). The crown is the portion of the tooth above the CEJ and is covered by dense, smooth enamel. The root or roots are the portion of the tooth below the CEJ and serve to anchor the tooth in the alveolar bone as well as provide the neurovascular port (apical delta). A thin layer of cementum, a calcified structure in which the periodontal fibres are embedded, covers the root. The dentin underlies the enamel and the cementum. There are three types of dentin: primary, secondary and tertiary. Primary dentin is present during forma