乌梁素海2012014年冰封期湖泊冰盖污染物分布及一维-湖泊科学.docVIP

乌梁素海冰封期湖泊冰盖构特征对污染物分布影响( 杨 芳，李畅游＊＊，史小红，赵胜男，郝亚洲 摘要：为探究富营养化浅水湖泊季节性冰盖污染物分布规律，2013-2014年冰封期，钻取乌梁素海湖泊冰盖冰芯样，观测冰厚并对冰芯晶、气泡污染物(总氮、总磷和CODCr)进行分析. 结果表明：冰可分为层，中间层冰晶且气泡量较少为冰生长区. 冰柱状晶体粒径随深度增加而增加，气泡含量随冰而减少. 冰结构污染物分布，冰芯密度及气泡分布与总氮总磷CODCr相关关系分别为0.、0.718、0.，并建立多元回归模型揭示冰封期湖泊水质特征，为季节性湖泊冰盖研究及冰封期湖泊水资源规划和管理提供了理论依据. 关键词：营养盐分布冰封期冰盖结构冰体杂质乌梁素海 Impact of seasonal ice structure characteristics on Ice cover impurity distributions in Lake Ulansuhai YANG Fang, LI Changyou, SHI Xiaogong1, ZHAO Shengnan HAO Yazhou (Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, College of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Hohhot 010018, P.R.China) Abstract: Investigation and analysis of ice core on Lake Ulansuhai from ice season of 2013 to 2014, observational parameter included ice thickness, examination of ice crystal type and bubble structure contributing to the ice cover, measurements of total nitrogen（TN）, total phosphorus（TP） and chemical oxygen demand（COD）. The preliminary analyses were as follows: the ice cores were divided into four layers. The two middle layers were the mainly thermal ice growth areas. The ice cover was consisted of columnar-crystal ice for the most part, and the crystal size increased with the ice-cover depth and the gas content decreased with the increase of density. The content of contaminates (TN, TP, COD)were significantly correlation with density and gas content (rTN=0.8965, rTP=0.8718 and rCOD=0.8184), and we respectively established the multiple regression equation to reveal the lake water quality characteristics in frozen period. It provides theory basis for seasonal ice-cover study and water resources planning and management in ice season. Keywords: Nutrient distributions; ice season; ice crystal structure; ice impurities; Lake Ulansuhai 中国湖泊按照自然环境、区域分异和水资源特征，分为东北平原与山地区、蒙新高原区、青藏高原区、东部平原区和云贵高原区五大湖区. 蒙新高原区的乌梁素海地处高纬度地区，湖泊的冰封时间长，冰盖的生长将改变湖泊热交换过程、污染分布特征及冰下底栖温度环境. 在浅水湖泊中冰盖总体积约占全湖总体积的1/22/3，湖冰环境污染物的迁移转化过程与湖泊冰芯结构，对于研究湖泊生长机制及深入研究寒区湖泊污染机理不容忽视. 然而在整个冰期中进行冰生长过程的连续观测非常困难，Lepp?ranta认为冰芯样品组构分析