01 GIS四十年发展与反思.pptVIP

地理信息系统 II;第一讲 GIS四十年的发展和反思(GIS的思想史);Outline;1.1 GIS四十年的发展;1.1.1 地理信息系统的发展;Year;Roger Tomlinson the Father of GIS;Tomlinson的贡献;Ian McHarg Reflects on the Past, Present and Future of GIS;McHarg的贡献;Geographic Information System (GIS) is an information system able to encode, store, transform, analyze, and display geospatial information /society.html;Professional GISThe distinctive features of professional GIS include data collection and editing, database administration, advanced geoprocessing and analysis, and other specialist tools, such as ESRI ArcInfo, Samllworld GIS Desktop GISDesktop GIS focus on data use, rather than data creation, and provide excellent tools for making maps, reports, and charts. Well-know examples include ESRI ArcView, Intergraph GeoMedia, MapInfor professional Hand-held GISHand-held GIS are lightweight systems designed for mobile and field use, such as Autodesk Onsite, ESRI ArcPad Component GISComponent GIS are tool kits and used by knowledgeable programmers to create focused applications. Examples include ESRI MapObjects and MapInfo MapX. GIS viewerGIS viewer are able to display and query popular file formats, such as ESRI ArcExplorer, Intergraphs GeoMedia, and MapInfos ProViewer Internet GISInternet GIS focus on display and query applications, as well as maping. Examples include Autodestk MapGuide, ESRI ArcIMS, Intergraph GeoMedia Web Map, and MapInfo MapXtreme. ;Jack Dangermond president and founder, ESRI ;ESRI产品发布时间表(1982-1997);ESRI产品发布时间表(1998-2004);哈佛大学设计学院对GIS的贡献;俞孔坚 ;1.1.2 地理信息系统发展趋势;趋势1：Need better ways to represent, understand, manage, and communicate our natural world;Prof. Christophe Claramunt 10 Feb. 2004 CUHK;趋势3： The GISystem needs to disappear from sight, to become embedded in task-specific systems! to GIService miniature, mobile, public, person-centered……;Because progress has historically relied on a fragmented gathering of approaches inherited from cartography, imposed by hardware, or borrowed from other computer-r