简单句子整理句子和复合句子.docVIP

简单句、并列句和复合句 句子种类: 按句子的用途可分四种： 　　1) 陈述句(肯定句、否定句) ：He is a lovely boy. She didn’t work hard before. 　　2) 疑问句(一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句、反意疑问句)：Do you like skating? How much is it? Is he six or seven years old? Lucy can play the piano, can’t she? 　　3) 祈使句：Be on time, please! Don’t arrive late for school! 　　4) 感叹句：How hard-working they are! What a nice girl she is! How time flies! 按句子的结构可分三种： 　　1) 简单句：只有一个主语(或并列主语) 和一个谓语(或并列谓语) 。 　　He often reads English in the morning.一主语，一谓语 　　Tom and Mike are American boys.并列主语，一谓语 She likes writing and often writes articles for newspapers.一主语，并列谓语 简单句的五种基本句型(其他各种句子都可由这一种基本句型扩展、变化或省略而构成。) 主谓: He left. 主谓宾: Henry bought a dictionary. 主谓双宾: My father bought me a car. 主谓宾补: Tom made the baby laugh. 主系表: He is a student. 主语: 句子说明的人或事物。 谓语: 说明主语的动作、状态和特征。 表语: 系动词之后的成分，表示主语的性质、状态和特征。 宾语：1. 动作的承受者——动宾。2. 介词后的名词、代词和动名词——介宾。 补语：宾补，对宾语的补充。主补，对主语的补充。定语：修饰或限制名词或代词。 状语：表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和让步。 　　2) 并列句：由并列连词把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。 　　 You help him and he helps you. 并列句的分类 = 1 \* GB3 ①表并列。 常用连词有and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…, then等。 The teacher’s name is Smith, and the student’s name is John. He could neither read nor write. He not only studies hard, but also likes sports. = 2 \* GB3 ②表选择。 常用连词有or, either…or…, otherwise等。 Hurry up, or you’ll miss the train. Either you didn’t understand this, or you were not careful = 3 \* GB3 ③表转折。 常用连词有but, still, however, yet, while, when等。 He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting. Tom was not there but his brother was (there). There was no news, nevertheless, she went on hoping. = 4 \* GB3 ④表因果，常用连词有so, for, therefore等。 August is the time of the year for rive harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark. He hurried, for it was getting dark. He liked the book very much, so I gave it to him 3) 复合句：含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。包含：名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句) 、定语从句和状语从句等。从句就是一个从句在主句中充当一个成分，如主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语等。从句在句子中作什么成分就叫什么从句。 1.主语从句 用作主语的从句叫作主语