沥青调制温度对活性炭材料结构及电容特性的影响-中国有色金属学报.PDF

第 17 卷第 3 期 中国有色金属学报 2007 年 3 月 Vol.17 No.3 The Chinese Journal of Nonferrous Metals Mar. 2007 文章编号：1004-0609(2007)03-0481-06 沥青调制温度对活性炭材料结构及电容特性的影响 李 劼，宋海申，李 荐，李 晶，赖延清，张治安，卢 海 ( 中南大学 冶金科学与工程学院，长沙 410083) 摘 要：以煤焦油沥青为原料，在不同温度下调制得到碳质微晶结构的中间相沥青，采用化学活化法制得超级电 容器用高比表面积活性炭。以制备的活性炭作电极材料组装模拟电容器，6 mol/L KOH 溶液为电解液，考察了中 间相沥青的调制温度对活性炭结构和电容行为的影响。结果表明：随着调制温度的提高，活性炭比表面积先增加 后减小，在 450 ℃时达到最大值，为 3 250 m2/g ；制备的活性炭孔径主要集中在 1~4 nm 范围内；在 350 ℃时，无 定形结构的中间相沥青有利于扩孔，制得的活性炭具有较高的中孔含量；随着调制温度的继续提高，中孔含量下 降；活性炭比电容量随着调制温度的提高先增大后减小，450 ℃时达到最大值，为215 F/g 。 关键词：超级电容器；中间相沥青；活性炭；化学活化 中图分类号：TQ 424.1 文献标识码：A Effects of temperature modification of mesophase pitches on structure and electrochemical performance of activated carbons LI Jie, SONG Hai-shen, LI Jian, LI Jing, LAI Yan-qing, ZHANG Zhi-an, LU Hai (School of Metallurgical Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China) Abstract: Using coal-tar pitch as raw material, the mesophase pitches with carbonaceous crystallites were produced at different temperatures, and the ultra-high surface area activated carbons for supercapacitors were prepared by chemical activation. Coin type cells using the prepared activated carbons as electrode materials were assembled, and 6 mol/L KOH solution was selected as the electrolyte. The effects of modification process of the mesophase pitches on the structures and the electrochemical behaviors of activated carbons were investigated. The results indicate that the specific surface area of activated carbons increases while then decreases with increasing temperature, and the surface area of activated carbon modificated at 450 ℃ is