Chapter 2 Linguistic Description 2S课件.ppt

I. Levels of language 1. Stylistic features at the first level (1) Phonological features (2) Graphological features The Graphological level concerns the use of the alphabet, the number system, punctuation, capitalization, headlining, italicizing, bracketing, diagramming, paragraphing, spacing etc. 2. Stylistic features at the second level (1) Grammatical features ① sentence type: 1 First classification [1] declarative sentence [2] interrogative sentence [3] imperative sentence [4] exclamatory sentence 2 Second classification [1] simple sentence [2] compound sentence [3] complex sentence [4] compound-complex sentence [1] simple sentence [2] compound sentence [3] complex sentence [4] compound-complex sentence 3 Third classification [1] complete sentence [2] elliptical sentence 4 parallelism [1] parallelism formed by individual words [2] parallelism formed by phrases [3] parallelism formed by sentences [1] parallelism formed by individual words e.g. (a) I came, I saw, I conquered. (b) The past, with its crimes, its follies, and its tragedies, flashes away. (c) The young actor was tall, young and handsome. [2] parallelism formed by phrases (a) She doesn’t like washing dishes, ironing clothes, or mopping the floor. (b) … the moving story of men and women of nearly every race and color in their progress from slavery to freedom, from poverty to wealth, from weakness to power, from ignorance to intelligence. (Booker Taliaferro Washington) (c) You can see people here and there, in the streets, on the square, in front of the statue, and even on top of the building. [3] parallelism formed by sentences (a) I speak as a Republican. I speak as a woman. I speak as a united States senator. I speak as an American. (Margaret Chase Smith) (b) … but it [your notice] has been delayed till I am indifferent, and cannot enjoy it; till I am solitary and cannot impart it; till I am known and do not want it. (Samuel Johnson) (c) The coach told the players that they sh