无线背景知识、频率分配、干扰.pptVIP

11/15/03 REnex Technology Proprietary - Restricted July 16, 2007 Dr. Yiguang Ma – VP and CTO Outline 提纲 电波传播及频率划分 调制方式 通信系统 背景噪声和干扰 扩频技术 通信网络 电波传播及频率划分 部分ISM 频段及标准 复用方式 GPRS/CDMA 与ISM波段Modem比较 调制技术 RF通信模块构成 背景噪声和干扰 实测背景噪声和干扰(TangRAE’s Office) 实测背景噪声和干扰(RAE’s Office) 扩频通信 Desired signal + interference The output from despreader 如何扩展传输距离？ 实际比较测试结果 --- 上海嘉定 天线高度为 20米 (传输距离为3公里) 天线高度为 2米 (传输距离为1.5公里) 增加天线高度的方法 增加天线高度的方法 如何选择天线? 如何选择工作频段？ 实测背景噪声和干扰(REnex’s office) 实测背景噪声和干扰(RAE’s Office) 实测背景噪声和干扰(TangRAE’s Office) 如何选择传输设备？ 如何选择RF电缆？ 技术术语 射频输出功率: 1mW (0dBm); 1W=1000mW (30dBm) xdBm = 10 log (Po) 工作频率---载波频率 信道数量---波段内载波频率个数 信道间隔---载波频率间隔 信道带宽---信号谱占具带宽 RF数据速率/串口数据速率 调制方式---GFSK;FSK; BPSK; ASK; MSK; QPSK; OFDM 双工方式---FDD;TDD 复用方式---FDMA; TDMA; CDMA 扩频方式---FHSS; DSSS 接收灵敏度---是衡量传输距离的重要参数 谢谢！ FDMA: frequency division multiple access TDMA: time division multiple access CDMA: code division multiple access Use the choir analogy: in TDMA everyone sings at the same range - say they are tenors, but each person sings a solo. First its you, then you then me and so on… In the FDMA scheme, each person is labeled as a tenor, soprano, bass, alto. Then each person can sing simultaneously but you MUST stick to your assigned range! CDMA represents something fundamentally different. Basically, everyone can sing whenever they want , in whatever range they want but they MUST sing in different languages (you in Swahili, you in Khosa, me in MicMac, you over there in Mandarin and so on…). CDMA represents a much more efficient use of the allowed frequency space. BUT the receiver must be locked onto your “language”. This illustration shows a frequency-hopping, spread-spectrum signal. A spectrum analyzer can easily detect discrete carrier frequencies over time. Theres lots of energy in the main lobe; it just moves around. Most analyzers would simply average the energy in the lobe over time. Additional security can be added by changing the hopping pattern with tim