蕴含人生哲理的说说：人的一生可能燃烧也可能腐朽.ppt

内容摘要/Outline 引言/Foreword 水环境污染损失的核算范围与方法 Valuation contents and approaches of water pollution cost 水污染经济损失计算模型 Valuation model of water pollution cost 1、引言/Foreword 水环境污染经济损失的定义：水环境污染经济损失是指由于水环境质量下降，影响水服务功能发挥作用，进而导致的经济损失。水环境污染经济损失是污染损失计算的重要组成部分。 Definition: Water pollution cost is the economic loss on daily life and production caused by water quality decline that will further affect the functions of water resource as production and household input and ecological element . 1、引言/Foreword 水环境污染趋势：据相关研究，我国水污染造成的经济损失占总污染损失的比例有逐年上升的趋势。 Water pollution trend:The percentage of water pollution cost to total cost is growing. 污染损失估算研究现状：计算结果差别较大，科学性难以令人满意，实用性较差 Current Research situation: The results differ a lot. The scientific basis behind them is unsatisfactory and their applicability is still in doubt. 计算方法不规范/No standard estimation approach 剂量反应关系不完善/No applicable dose-response functions 计算参数欠标准化/ No unified technical parameters 概念模糊不清/Basic valuation conception is not clear 1、引言/Foreword 水环境污染损失估算的难点 Estimation difficulties 迄今为止，环境污染损失估算的研究工作大都集中于大气污染损失，而对于水污染的研究较少； Until now, more focuses are put on cost by air pollution than that by water pollution; 相关数据信息较难获得，缺乏科学的剂量－反应关系； The relevant data is unavailable and the essential dose-response relationships are also in scarcity. 1、引言/Foreword 2、水环境污染损失的核算范围与方法 Valuation contents and approaches 2.1 核算范围/ Valuation contents 2、水环境污染损失的核算范围与方法 Valuation contents and approaches 说明：1)没有建立起合理的评价水生态环境危害的计算方法；2)由于缺乏农村地区数据的支持，表1中第8项污染终端——生活，实际上仅指对城市居民生活的危害。 2、水环境污染损失的核算范围与方法 Valuation contents and approaches 2.2 水环境污染损失的分类 2.2 Classification of water pollution costs 1）已确认的可测算经济损失:健康、农业 1）Identified and measurable costs: health threats, crops reduction 2）已确认但目前不可测算经济损失 2）Identified and unmeasurable costs 不可测算的原因/reasons for unmeasurablities 缺乏数据/no data 缺乏剂量－反应关系/no dose-response functions 2、水环境污染损失的核算范围与方法 Valuation contents and approaches 2）已确认但目前不可测算经济损失 2） Identified and unmeasurable costs 尚不可测算的终端危害 unme