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Biomineralization课件
Biomineralization;Lecture Outline;What is Biomineralization?;Definition;Examples;Examples;Many Functions;General Biomineralization Mechanism;Why do we care about calcification?;Why do we care about calcification?;Bone;Endochondral Ossification;Formation of long bones
examples: humerus, radius, ulna, femur, tibia, fibula
Mesenchymal cells migrate to site of bone formation
Mesenchymal cells give rise to chondrocytes and form the shape of bone
Chondrocytes secrete ECM
Chondrocytes continue to grow until they become encapsulated in the ECM
Primary ossification
Mature chondrocytes hypertrophy
Cartilage matrix becomes calcified, which may be mediated by matrix vesicles
Calcified matrix is partly degraded by osteoclasts, allowing blood vessels and osteoprogenitor cells to invade
Osteoprogenitor cells become osteoblasts, which lay down new bone after using the calcified matrix as a template
Osteoblasts secrete osteoid
Osteoid is the organic part of bone without the inorganic constituent
Osteoid becomes calcified and osteoblasts that remain become encapsulated into the calcified matrix and are now called osteocytes
Process of bone formation continues toward both epiphyses
Cartilage outside the primary ossification center increases in size by interstitial and appositional growth
Secondary ossification
occurs at the ends of each epiphysis
similar process as primary ossification
growth continues until cartilage between the ossification centers is replaced completely by bone (growth plate)
Bone remodeling occurs
osteoclasts resorb bone
areas of bone not completely filled in are called cancellous bone
areas filled in are called compact bone
Medullary cavity for bone marrow formed
;Intramembranous Ossification;Intramembranous Ossification;Bone Calcification;What Initializes Bone Calcification?;What are Matrix Vesicles?;Where are Matrix Vesicles Made?;Composition of Matrix Vesicles;Composition of Matrix Vesicles;Matrix Vesicle Functions;Matrix Vesicle Functions;Proposed Mech
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