英语时态的比较.docVIP

现在完成时和现在完成进行时的比较 1）这两个时态的主要差别是，现在完成时表示动作业已完成， 而完成进行时却不一定如此：I’ve made a cake. 我做了一个蛋糕。（已做好）I’ve been making a cake. 我一直在做一个蛋糕。 （不一定做好了） 2）许多静态动词都只能用于完成时而不能用于完成进行时：I’ve known that for a long time. 这事我已经知道很久了。The strike has lasted six months. 这次罢工已经持续了6个月。Nobody has seen him since last week. 从上周起就没人见到过他。We’ve had terrible weather for nearly two weeks. 几乎有两星期天气都很恶劣。They’ve owned the house for many years. 这房子他们已经拥有许多年了。I’ve always thought you’re right. 我一向认为你是对的。但当意思发生转变时也可能用于完成进行时：I’ve been thinking of doing so for a long time. 我好久以来一直想这样做。Tom has been seeing about a work permit for you. 汤姆一直在设法帮你取得工作许可证。The children have been looking forward to this holiday for months. 孩子们好几个月来一直盼望着这个节日。want 这个动词有时可用于完成进行时，表示“一直想”：You’re the very man I’ve been wanting to meet. 你正是我一直想见的人. 3) 有少数动词用两种时态都可以，意思差别不大，如：They have been working very well this term. 这学期他们学习很好。They have worked very well this term. It has been raining for two hours. 下了两个小时的雨。It has rained for two hours. I have been hearing from her regularly. 我定期收到她的来信。I have heard from her regularly. We have looked for mushrooms but have not found any. 我们找寻蘑菇但一无所获。We have been looking for mushrooms but have not found any. 强调时间长度用完成进行时比较好：I’ve been coughing all night. 我咳了一整夜。（比I’ve coughed all night. 更能强调咳得久）All the time she’s been sitting there in silence. 她一直静坐在那里。All these years we’ve been trying to get in touch with him. 这些年来我们一直在设法和他联系。He’s been hoping for a raise in salary all the time. 他一直盼着加薪。 将来进行时和过去将来时的比较 将 来 进 行 时 构成 will /shall be＋现在分词 基本 用法 1）表示将来某一时间正在进行或持续的动作 2）表示按计划或安排要发生的动作 3）表示委婉语气，有时用将来进行时可使语气更委婉 注意事项 1）为避免will给人误以为是表示“意愿”的情态动词，口语中表示单纯的将来时常用将来进行时 2) 条件状语从句和时间状语从句中须用现在进行时代替将来进行时 过 去 将 来 时 构成 would+动词 HYPERLINK /Article/textbook/Index.html \t _blank 原形/was (were) going to/was (were) about+ HYPERLINK /Article/jimikaoti/Index.html \t _blank 不定式/was (were)+ HYPERLINK /Article/jimikaoti/Index.html \t _blank 不定式 基本 用法 1）would do 表示从过去看某事将要发生 2）用was (were) going to do表示过去某时计划或安排要做某事 3）用was