语法3 - 虚拟音调.ppt

动词被动语态要点回顾;Hundreds of passengers were killed in the crash. This proposal was generally considered as not very practical. It is thought that he will come. He is thought to come. He is expected to come. He is reported to have been driving carelessly. I am interested in what you told me. I was annoyed by mosquitoes all night.; Lecture 3;I.动词的语气简介： 语气——表示说话人对说话内容的看法的一种语法范畴。在英语中，可用不同的动词形式表示说话的语气。; 虚拟语气的概念： ;III.虚拟语气的运用;Examples:;;5.He speaks to us as if he had been there. 他给我们讲的好像他去过那儿。（as if 引导的从句。） 6. I wish it were spring all the year round. 要是一年到头都是春天该多好啊！（wish 是个特殊动词，它所引导的宾语从句后面要用虚拟语气，但是要分几种情况。） 7. Had he known her address, he would had gone to visit her. 如果他知道她的地址，他会去看她的。 8.I?got?caught?in?traffic;?otherwise?I?would?have?been?here??sooner.（这是个含蓄条件句。） 9. If I had taken the doctor’s advice the other day, I would not be ill now.(这是个错综时间复杂句。) ;1、if条件句中的虚拟语气;1.与现在事实相反;2.与过去事实相反;3.与将来事实相反;1. 在suggest, advise, propose, insist, demand, desire, request, require, decide, order, command等动词后的宾语从句中，要用虚拟语气，表示建议、要求、决定或命令等，其谓语动词形式为should+动词原形，其中should可以省略，主句中的时态不限。;;[注意] ;2. 在句型It is suggested (requested, proposed, ordered) that .... 中，that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用： should + 动词原形。 ;3. 虚拟语气用于表语从句中。 由suggestion, order, advice, desire, idea, request, proposal等名词做主语的句子里，其表语录从句用虚拟语气表示建议、命令或要求等。从句中的谓语动词形式为should+动词原形，其中should可以省略。 My advice is that more trees (should) be planted around the village. 我的建议是在村庄周围多种些树。 Their proposal is that we should set up a spare time school for them. 他们的提议是要我们为他们成立一所业余学校。 His idea is that we (should) discuss the report. 他的意见是我们???讨论一下这个报告。 ;4. 虚拟语气用于同位语从句中。 作名词suggestion, order, proposal, idea, plan等的同位语从句中用虚拟语气，其谓语动词的形式为should+动词原形，其中should可以省略。例如： We all agreed to his suggestion that we (should) go to Beijing for sightseeing. 我们都同意他的意见，去北京观光。 What do you think of the idea that we should begin the second experiment at once? 你认为我们立即开始第二次实验的意见怎么样？ ;虚拟语气在某些句型中的运用;3. 在句型“It is a pity (a shame, no wonder, better) t