世界数学十大未解难题 希尔伯特23个问题_20140609_091156（The top 10 unsolved problems of world mathematics Hilbert 23 questions _20140609_091156）.docVIP

世界数学十大未解难题 希尔伯特23个问题091156（The top 10 unsolved problems of world mathematics Hilbert 23 questions 091156） The top 10 unsolved problems in world mathematics? (among them, one to seven is the seven millennium problem; appendix unresolved issues in Hilbert 23 questions)? One: P (polynomial algorithm) problem to NP (nonpolynomial algorithm) problem? On a Saturday night, you attended a big party. Because of the awkwardness, you wonder if there is anyone you know in this hall. Your master suggested to you that you know lady rose, who is in the corner of the dessert tray. Without a second, you can scan the area and find out that your host is right. However, without such a hint, you must look around the hall and look at each person individually to see if there is anyone you know. A solution to a problem is usually much more expensive than validating a given solution. This is an example of this general phenomenon. Similarly, if someone tell you, the numbercan be written as the product of two of the smaller number, you may not know whether to believe him, but if he tells you it can factorization is multiplied by 3607 to 3803, then you can use a pocket calculator easier to verify this is correct. Whether or not we write programs dexterity, determine an answer is can quickly use internal knowledge to verify, or no such prompt and need to spend a lot of time to solve, is seen as a logical and one of the most prominent problem in computer science. It was stated by Stephen cook in 1971. Two: Hodge guess? In the twentieth century mathematicians discovered a powerful way to study the shapes of complex objects. The basic idea is to ask how well we can shape the shape of a given object by sticking it together in a simple geometric construct that increases the dimension of the dimension. This technique has become so useful that it can be promoted in many different ways; Finally, some powerful tools have been used to make great progress in classifying objec